Tag: 200-300

Platinum and Palladium Complexes Containing Cationic Ligands as Catalysts for Arene H/D Exchange and Oxidation was written by Emmert, Marion H.;Gary, J. Brannon;Villalobos, Janette M.;Sanford, Melanie S.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2010.Reference of 35065-86-2 This article mentions the following:

Palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes of pyridinium-substituted bipyridine ligands I (R = Ph, 4-tBu-C₆H₄) are highly active and stable catalysts for H/D exchange and acetoxylation of aromatic C-H bonds (TONs up to 3200, TOFs up to 0.1 s-1). The regioselectivity of the deuteration and acetoxylation is studied and compared to traditional catalysts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromophenyl acetate (cas: 35065-86-2Reference of 35065-86-2).

3-Bromophenyl acetate (cas: 35065-86-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Reference of 35065-86-2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Substituted dienes prepared from betulinic acid – Synthesis, cytotoxicity, mechanism of action, and pharmacological parameters was written by Pokorny, Jan;Olejnikova, Denisa;Frydrych, Ivo;Liskova, Barbora;Gurska, Sona;Benicka, Sandra;Sarek, Jan;Kotulova, Jana;Hajduch, Marian;Dzubak, Petr;Urban, Milan. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Synthetic Route of C8H7BrO2 This article mentions the following:

A set of new substituted dienes were synthesized from betulinic acid by its oxidation to 30-oxobetulinic acid followed by the Wittig reaction. Cytotoxicity of all compounds was tested in vitro in eight cancer cell lines and two noncancer fibroblasts. Almost all dienes were more cytotoxic than betulinic acid. Four compounds had IC₅₀ below 5婵炴挾鎸紀l/L; I and II were selected for studies of the mechanism of action. Cell cycle anal. revealed an increase in the number of apoptotic cells at 5 x IC₅₀ concentration, where activation of irreversible changes leading to cell death can be expected. Both I and II led to the accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase with partial inhibition of DNA/RNA synthesis at 1 x IC₅₀ and almost complete inhibition at 5 x IC₅₀. Interestingly, compound II at 5 x IC₅₀ caused the accumulation of cells in the S phase. Higher concentrations of tested drugs probably inhibit more off-targets than lower concentrations Mechanisms disrupting cellular metabolism can induce the accumulation of cells in the S phase. Both compounds I and II trigger selective apoptosis in cancer cells via intrinsic pathway, which we have demonstrated by changes in the expression of the crucial apoptosis-related protein. Pharmacol. parameters of derivative I were superior to II, therefore I was the finally selected candidate for the development of anticancer drug. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 6515-58-8Synthetic Route of C8H7BrO2).

3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 6515-58-8) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon闂佺偨鍎茶ぐ绲﹐mine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Synthetic Route of C8H7BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthetic and Structure/Activity Studies on Acid-Substituted 2-Arylphenols: Discovery of 2-[2-Propyl-3-[3-[2-ethyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxyphenoxy]- propoxy]phenoxy]benzoic Acid, a High-Affinity Leukotriene B₄ Receptor Antagonist was written by Sawyer, J. Scott;Bach, Nicholas J.;Baker, S. Richard;Baldwin, Ronald F.;Borromeo, Peter S.;Cockerham, Sandra L.;Fleisch, Jerome H.;Floreancig, Paul;Froelich, Larry L.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1995.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Structural derivatives of LY255283 have been studied as receptor antagonists of leukotriene B₄. Substitution of the 2-hydroxyacetophenone subunit of 1-[5-Ethyl-2-hydroxy-4-[[6-methyl-6-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)heptyl]oxy]phenyl]ethanone (LY255283) with a 2-arylphenol group provided entry into several new series that feature various mono- and diacidic core functionality. These new analogs, the subject of a broad structure-activity investigation, displayed significantly increased in vitro and in vivo activity as receptor antagonists of LTB₄. A series of diaryl ether carboxylic acids demonstrated especially interesting activity and led to the discovery of 2-[2-propyl-3-[3-[2-ethyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxyphenoxy]propoxy]phenoxy]benzoic acid (LY293111), a 2-arylphenol-substituted diaryl ether carboxylic acid which displayed potent binding to human neutrophils (IC₅₀ = 17 闁?4.6 nM) and guinea pig lung membranes (IC₅₀ = 6.6 闁?0.71 nM), inhibition of LTB₄-induced expression of the CD11b/CD18 receptor on human neutrophils (IC₅₀ = 3.3 闁?0.81 nM), and inhibition of LTB₄-induced contraction of guinea pig lung parenchyma (pK_B = 8.7 闁?0.16). 801Vivo, LY293111 demonstrated potent activity in inhibiting LTB₄-induced airway obstruction in the guinea pig when dosed by the oral (ED₅₀ = 0.40 mg/kg) or i.v. (ED₅₀ = 0.014 mg/kg) routes. A specific LTB₄ receptor antagonist, LY293111 had little effect on inhibiting contractions of guinea pig lung parenchyma induced by leukotriene D₄ (LTD₄), histamine, carbachol, or U46619. LY293111 was chosen as a clin. candidate and is currently in phase I studies for a variety of inflammatory diseases. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Oxygen Donor-Mediated Equilibration of Diastereomeric Alkene-Palladium(II) Intermediates in Enantioselective Desymmetrizing Heck Cyclizations was written by Machotta, Axel B.;Straub, Bernd F.;Oestreich, Martin. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2007.Application of 2178-24-7 This article mentions the following:

This investigation examines the origin of enantioselection in the desymmetrization of an acyclic prochiral Heck cyclization precursor. High asym. induction (97-98% ee) is attributed to a temporary interaction of a Lewis basic oxygen donor with weakly Lewis acidic palladium(II). A series of control experiments combined with quantum-chem. model calculations provided sound evidence for a mechanism involving oxygen donor-mediated, rapid equilibration of diastereomeric alkene-palladium(II) complexes prior to the selectivity-determining ring-closing event, a Curtin-Hammett scenario. Our study also highlights the importance of the cationic pathway (triflate counter anions vs. halido ligand) and alkene stereochem. (E vs. Z) in asym. Heck reactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate (cas: 2178-24-7Application of 2178-24-7).

Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate (cas: 2178-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Application of 2178-24-7

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

The dissociation constants of m-halogenated phenols and of some of their mononitro derivatives was written by Hodgson, Herbert H.;Smith, Reggie. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society in 1939.Reference of 76361-99-4 This article mentions the following:

Dissociation constants (K_a) at 25闁?for 0.005 N solutions of substituted phenols in 30% EtOH (by volume) or in water were calculated from p_H measurements made with the glass electrode. Values of K_a 闁?10⁷ (for 30% EtOH) were: m-fluoro-, 0.00151; 3-fluoro-6-nitro-, 2.34; 3-fluoro-2-nitro-, 1.99; 3-fluoro-4-nitro-, 1.66; m-chloro-, 0.00363; 3-chloro-2-nitro-, 1.78; 3-chloro-4-nitro-, 1.58; m-bromo-, 0.00331; 3-bromo-2-nitro-, 1.66; 3-bromo-4-nitro-, 1.45; m-iodo-, 0.00309; 3-iodo-2-nitro-, 1.29; 3-iodo-4-nitro-, 1.15. Values of K_a 闁?10¹⁰ (for water) are: m-fluoro-, 5.37; m-chloro-, 8.51; m-bromo-, 7.76; m-iodo-, 6.76. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromo-2-nitrophenol (cas: 76361-99-4Reference of 76361-99-4).

3-Bromo-2-nitrophenol (cas: 76361-99-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Reference of 76361-99-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

New zileuton-hydroxycinnamic acid hybrids: synthesis and structure-activity relationship towards 5-lipoxygenase inhibition was written by Chiasson, Audrey Isabel;Robichaud, Samuel;Moutombi, Fanta J. Ndongou;Hebert, Mathieu P. A.;Mbarik, Maroua;Surette, Marc E.;Touaibia, Mohamed. And the article was included in Molecules in 2020.Quality Control of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene This article mentions the following:

A novel series of zileuton-hydroxycinnamic acid hybrids I (R¹ = H, OH, OMe; n = 0, 1, 2, 3), II (R² = C₆H₅, 4-OHC₆H₄, 2,6-(CH₃)₂C₆H₃, etc.) and III (R³ = H, OH, OMe; R⁴ = H, OH, OMe; R⁵ = H, OMe) were synthesized and screened as 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitors in stimulated HEK293 cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL). Zileuton’s IV benzo[b]thiophene and hydroxyurea subunits combined with hydroxycinnamic acid esters’ ester linkage and phenolic acid moieties were investigated. Compound II (R² = 3,5-(OMe)₂-4-OHC₆H₂), bearing zileuton’s IV benzo[b]thiophene and sinapic acid phenethyl ester’s V 濞?濞?unsaturated phenolic acid moiety II (R² = 3,5-(OMe)₂-4-OHC₆H₂), was shown to be equipotent to zileuton IV, the only clin. approved 5-LO inhibitor, in stimulated HEK293 cells. Compound II (R² = 3,5-(OMe)₂-4-OHC₆H₂) was three times as active as zileuton IV for the inhibition of 5-LO in PMNL. Compound III (R³ = OMe, R⁴ = OH, R⁵ = OMe), bearing the same sinapic acid (3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy substitution) moiety as II (R² = 3,5-(OMe)₂-4-OHC₆H₂), combined with zileuton’s IV hydroxyurea subunit was inactive. This result shows that the zileuton’s IV benzo[b]thiophene moiety is essential for the inhibition of 5-LO product biosynthesis with hydrids. Unlike zileuton IV, compound II (R² = 3,5-(OMe)₂-4-OHC₆H₂) formed two 闁?闁?interactions with Phe177 and Phe421 as predicted when docked into 5-LO. Compound II (R² = 3,5-(OMe)₂-4-OHC₆H₂) was the only docked ligand that showed a 闁?闁?interaction with Phe177 which may play a part in product specificity as reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0Quality Control of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Quality Control of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Quantum Yields over 80% Achieved in Luminescent Europium Complexes by Employing Diphenylphosphoryl Tridentate Ligands was written by Wei, Chen;Sun, Boxun;Cai, Zelun;Zhao, Zifeng;Tan, Yu;Yan, Weibo;Wei, Huibo;Liu, Zhiwei;Bian, Zuqiang;Huang, Chunhui. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2018.Formula: C12H7BrN2 This article mentions the following:

Four tridentate Eu(III) complexes containing a diphenylphosphoryl group are prepared with strong bonding between the ligands and centered ion, convinced by crystal structures. Compared to their parent bidentate complexes, the tridentate complexes display improved and exceptionally high luminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) in powder (all over 80%, best 91%), as well as in a CH₂Cl₂ solution and poly(Me methacrylate) films, benefiting from compact, stable, and saturated coordination. Crystallog. data are given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-1,10-phenanthroline (cas: 22426-14-8Formula: C12H7BrN2).

2-Bromo-1,10-phenanthroline (cas: 22426-14-8) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Formula: C12H7BrN2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Imidazobenzothiazine and primidobenzothiazine derivatives synthesis via an aliphatic S_N2 substitution/Cu(I) catalyzed Ullmann coupling cascade process was written by Wang, Ruihong;Qian, Weixing;Bao, Weiliang. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2012.Formula: C7H5Br2F This article mentions the following:

An efficient method for the preparation of various imidazobenzothiazine and primidobenzothiazine derivatives from readily available 2-mercaptoimidazoles (thiouracils) and bromobenzyl bromides via a copper(I)-catalyzed one-pot cascade process has been developed. The reaction involves a S_N2 process and an intramol. C-N cross coupling cyclization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide (cas: 61150-57-0Formula: C7H5Br2F).

2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide (cas: 61150-57-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Formula: C7H5Br2F

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Aplysinadiene and (R,R)-5-[[3,5-dibromo-4-[(2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl)]methoxy]phenyl]-2-oxazolidinone, two novel metabolites from Aplysina aerophoba. Synthesis of aplysinadiene was written by Norte, M.;Rodriguez, M. L.;Fernandez, J. J.;Eguren, L.;Estrada, D. M.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 1988.Reference of 108940-96-1 This article mentions the following:

Two novel constituents, biogenetically derived from dibromotyrosine, were obtained from a sponge Aplysina闁?em>aerophoba. The structure of aplysinadiene (I) was established on the basis of its spectral properties and by synthesis of I and its isomers (1′E)- and (1′Z)-II. The structure and absolute configuration of the oxazolidinone III was established by x-ray diffraction anal. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1Reference of 108940-96-1).

3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon闁艰京鐗梤omine bond is electrophilic in nature. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Reference of 108940-96-1

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Reactivity in Nickel-Catalyzed Multi-component Sequential Reductive Cross-Coupling Reactions was written by Chen, Haifeng;Yue, Huifeng;Zhu, Chen;Rueping, Magnus. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Application of 57293-19-3 This article mentions the following:

The nickel-catalyzed three-component reductive carbonylation of alkyl halides, aryl halides, and Et chloroformate is described. Et chloroformate is utilized as a safe and readily available source of CO in this multi-component protocol, providing an efficient and practical alternative for the synthesis of aryl-alkyl ketones. The reaction exhibits a wide substrate scope and good functional group compatibility. Exptl. and DFT mechanistic studies highlight the complexity of the cross-electrophile coupling and provide insight into the sequence of the three consecutive oxidative additions of aryl halide, chloroformate, and alkyl halide. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3Application of 57293-19-3).

1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Application of 57293-19-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary