Newman, Melvin S. published the artcileThe preparation of the six n-octynoic acids, Recommanded Product: 7-Bromohept-1-yne, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (1949), 1292-7, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.
A study was desired of the reactivity of the acetylenic bond at varying distances from the CO2H group, also of various methods of synthesis and of the odors of the Me esters. Cl(CH2)4Br (I), prepared in 62% yield by passing HCl gas into AlCl3 1, H2O 3, and THF 720 g. above 105°, adding the mixture at room temperature to 2 kg. PBr3 with ice cooling, heating 1 h. on the steam bath, and separating the upper layer, b30 80-2°. Distillation of 329 g. Cl(CH2)5OAc, 320g. MeOH, and 5 g. p-MeC6H4SO3H gave 180 g. MeOH-MeOAc azeotrope, b. 54°, and then concentration in vacuo at room temperature and addition of 271 g. PBr3, etc., gave 325 g. (88%) Cl(CH2)5Br (II), b20 92-3°, nD25 1.4815. Preparation of acetylenic alcs.: 1-Hexyne 1 in dry Et2O was added slowly to 1.1 mol EtMgBr in Et2O, and after 6 h. refluxing under N, 1 equivalent CH2O was added (from a N stream over dry paraformaldehyde at 180°) under reflux to give 82% 2-heptyn-1-ol (III), b56 113-16°. Similarly 2-hexyn-1-ol (IV), in 71% yield from 1-pentyne, b58 87-9°; 3,5-dinitrobenzoate, in high yield, m. 64-5°. 3-Hexyn-1-ol, 48% from 1-butynylsodium and ethylene oxide in liquid NH3, b. 161°; dinitrobenzoate, m. 72-3°. 3-Heptyn-1-ol (V) was similarly prepared in 45% yield, and 3-octyn-1-ol (VI), 37% yield, b25 105-6°. 4-, 5-, and 6-Heptyn-1-ol were prepared from the chloroalkynes via the iodides to the acetates with KOAc in boiling absolute EtOH, hydrolysis, conversion of the alcs. to benzoates, distillation, and saponification (see table). Preparation of 1-chloroacetylenes: addition of 5 mol of I to 5 mol Na2C2 in 3 l. liquid NH3 during 4 h., 7 h. refluxing, evaporation of most of the NH3 during 8 h., slow addition of 2 l. H2O, Et2O extraction, and distillation gave 74% 1-chloro-5-hexyne (VII), b. 143-4°. Similarly 1-chloro-6-heptyne (VIII) was prepared in 70% yield from Na2C2 and II, 73% 1-chloro-5-heptyne (IX) from NaCCMe and I, and 1-chloro-4-heptyne (X) in 30% yield (addition of NaCCEt to Cl (CH2)3Br gave no better yield). This type of reaction did not work with Cl(CH2)2Br. As IX and X were impure, another method was tried. NaNH2 (78 g.) was stirred 30 min. with 205 g. 1-chloro-4-pentyne in 2 l. liquid NH3, and then 218 g. EtBr added during 3 h.; distillation gave 17% (45 g.) crude X containing traces of a terminal alkyne, possibly VIII. Addition of HgI2 reagent (Johnson and McEwen, C.A. 20, 1054), filtration from a white product m. 66-7°, precipitation of the excess reagent with 1-hexyne, and distillation gave pure X. Similarly 1-chloro-5-hexyne and NaNH2, then MeBr, gave 38% crude IX, converted to 19% pure IX and a Hg derivative m. 76-7°. 1-Chloro-3-heptyne, prepared in 38% yield by the method of Johnson (C.A. 32, 7425.9) or in 72% yield from SOCl2, C5H5N, and V by the procedure below, b30 71-5°, b70 90-3°. Addition of III (112 g.) and 78 g. C5H5N in dry Et2O added to 131 g. SOCl2 in Et2O at reflux rate, evaporation of the Et2O to a residue temperature of 80°, addition of 13 g. SOCl2, 1 h. refluxing, and washing with Na2CO3 solution gave 77% 1-chloro-2-heptyne (XI), b24 73°. Preparation of 1-bromoacetylenes: III (310 g.) and 5 g. C5H5N in Et2O added to 271 g. PBr3 at reflux rate, the mixture heated 2 h., the upper cooled layer poured onto ice, and the Et2O extract washed with aqueous Na2CO3 and distilled gave 72% 1-bromo-2-heptyne (XII), b56 104-5°, and 7% of presumably 1,3-dibromo-2-heptene, b25 112°, b2 70°, nD25 1.5172. No XII was obtained when 1 equivalent C5H5N was used. Similarly IV gave 63% 1-bromo-2-hexyne (XIII), b80 97-8°, nD25 1.4884, and also 12% HBr addn, product, probably 1,3-dibromo-2-hexene, b25 100°, b2 62°, nD25 1.5235. The yield of crude 1-bromo-3-heptyne from V was only 41%. Both Br compounds XII and XIII gave immediate precipitates with alc. AgNO3 whereas the Cl compound XI reacted only slowly or on warming. Addition of 3.2 mol Na2C2 in 1.5 l. liquid NH3 during 1 h. to 1050 g. Br(CH2)5Br, 500 cc. Et2O, and 1000 cc. NH3, then 2 h. stirring, etc., gave 27% 1-bromo-6-heptyne (XIV), b20 92°, nD25 1.4750. Because of difficulties in the conversion of XII to the nitrile, N. and W. considered the addition of Br to the triple bond and its later removal; they did add 80 g. Br to 56 g. III in CCl4 at 0° to obtain 81% 2,3-dibromo-2-hepten-1-ol (XV), b4 113-15°; 3,5-dinitrobenzoate, m. 84-5°. XV was then converted to 87% 1,2,3-tribromo-2-heptene, b4 112-14°, b2 96°, nD25 1.5540. Similarly VI gave 3,4-dibromo-3-octen-1-ol, b2 111-13°; 3,5-dinitrobenzoate, m. 85-6°. Crude VII and excess NaI in boiling Me2CO for 20 h. gave 82% 1-iodo-5-hexyne, b35 94-5°, nD25 1.5286. Preparation of acetylenic nitriles: XIV (120 g.), 65 g. KCN, 120 cc. H2O, and 300 cc. Me2CO were refluxed 48 h., 250 cc. mixed solvent distilled, etc., to give 74% 1-cyano-6-heptyne, b6 90-2°. Similarly 1-cyano-5-heptyne, b5 88-95°, was prepared in 75% yield from the 1-chloro via the 1-iodo derivative, and 1-chloro-4-heptyne was directly converted to 82% 1-cyano-4-heptyne, b29 110-12°. XII (70 g.), 45 g. Cu2(CN)2 (carefully dried), and 40 cc. xylene were heated to 157°, then the bath temperature lowered to 145°, and the exothermic reaction allowed to proceed 30 min. below 165°; C6H6 extraction of the cooled mixture and distillation gave 92% 1-cyano-2-heptyne (XVI), b56 123-6°. Other yields were 0-90%, careful temperature control being very important. XII or XI and aqueous KCN would not give XVI. 1-Cyano-3-heptyne (XVII) was prepared in 50% yield from the acid via the amide and dehydration of the latter with P2O5. Acetylenic acids: Except for XVII, the nitriles were hydrolyzed in boiling aqueous alc. 10% KOH until NH3 evolution ceased. Data are given in the table, 5-, 6-, and 7-octynoic acids being prepared in 90% yields. 3-Octynoic acid, prepared in 74% yield by addition of HCl gas to 140 g. XVI in 250 cc. MeOH and 25 cc. H2O until the mixture refluxed, then the temperature allowed to drop to 30°, concentration of the filtrate, and saponification of the crude ester with alc. alkali, b6 120-30°. XVI (6 g.) and 20 cc. concentrated HCl, 4 days at room temperature gave 3 g. product, crystallized from ligroin (b. 30-60°), presumably 4-chloro-3-octenamide, m. 54-5°, whereas XVI and concentrated HCl at 80° 12 h. gave the acid (46%), b3 125-6°. XVI (6 g.), 5 g. H2SO4, and 2 g. H2O were heated 2 days at 60°, 10 cc. 6 N H2SO4 added with 1 day heating, the organic material isolated and heated with aqueous KOH to give a solution, and the acid product distilled and crystallized from ligroin to give 4 g. 4-ketoöctanoic acid, m. 53-4°. XVI was brominated as XV above to 50% 1-cyano-2,3-dibromo-2-heptene, b4 118°. Hydrolysis of 14 g. with 20 cc. concentrated H2SO4 15 min. at 80°, then 3 h. at room temperature, gave only 47% 3,4-dibromo-3-octenamide. m. 130-1°. 4- (XVIII) and 5-Octynoic acids were prepared by decarboxylation of the corresponding malonic esters. Thus, 280 g. XIII added to 41.5 g. Na and 320 g. Et malonate in 1.5 l. EtOH, then 8 h. refluxing, etc., gave 57% Et 2-hexynylmalonate (XIX), b5 134-5°, and 13% Et di(2-hexynyl)malonate, b5 168-70°, nD25 1.4600, and saponification gave the resp. acids, m. 109-10° and 138-9° (decomposition). New Acetylenic Compounds; ROH, DNB*, RCOOH, RCONH2, RCl, RBr, RCN, Me ester; B.p., M.p., b2, M.p., M.p., b760, B.p., B.p.; R, °C., mm., nD25, °C., °C., °C., nD25, °C., °C., nD25, °C., mm., nD25, °C., mm., nD25, b2, nD25; HCC(CH2)5, 98, 20, 1.4534, 46, 123, 20, 1.4502, 86, 166, 1.4507, 92, 20, 1.4750, 80, 3, 1.4460, 64, 1.4380; MeCC(CH2)4, 96, 15, 1.4590, 53, 116, 37, …, 113, 175, 1.4599, …, .., …, 79, 2, 1.4530, 68, 1.4433; EtCC(CH2)3, 91, 15, 1.4593, 52, 111, 8, 1.4540, 105, 164, 1.4540, …, .., …, 111, 29, 1.4514, 64, 1.4421; PrCC(CH2)2, 111, 70, 1.4530, 61, 121, 49, …, 118, 162, 1.4520, 100, 65, 1.4785, 71, 3, 1.4492, 63, 1.4414; BuCCCH2, 98, 28, 1.4523, 62, 110, 18, 1.4577, 52, 167, 1.4570, 84, 20, 1.4878, 124, 56, 1.4475, 64, 1.4448; AmCC, …, .., …, .., 114, 5, 1.4588, 91, …, …, 69, 25, 1.4678, 86, 17, 1.4551, 70, 1.4442; * Dinitrobenzoate ester of ROH. Heating XIX at 150-70° until CO2 evolution ceased gave 93% XVIII. In 1 preparation of XIX, a small amount of Et di(2-hexynyl)acetate, b3 135-7°, was isolated, and converted to the amide, m. 63-4°. Et 2-heptynylmalonate, prepared as XIX above in 66% yield, b5 146°, and the free acid, m. 93-4°. The Me esters were prepared in 90% yields by refluxing the acids with excess MeOH and small amounts of p-MeC6H4SO3H 12 h. The odors of the Me octynoates were evaluated by men skilled in the art: 7-, very green but sharp, chem., fatty, unpleasant; 6-, reseda-like, fatty, weak, green seaweed; 5-, leafy, cucumberlike, something like talia, sweet, violet; 4-, cucumberlike but sharp, chem., somewhat fruity; 3-, something like fresh-cut grass, but crude and fatty. Ozonization in HOAc of the octynoic acids gave the following dibasic acids: 7-, 46% pimelic; 6-, 52% adipic; 5-, 71% glutaric; 4-, 67% succinic, and 3-, 80% malonic acid. Hydrogenation of 0.8-1.4 g. octynoic acid in 20 cc. pure EtOH with 0.2 g. Adams Pt catalyst (cf. Joshel, C.A. 37, 6162.4) 150-300 min. gave in each case n-octanoic acid, m. p. and mixed m. p. of amide 103-4°.
Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 81216-14-0. 81216-14-0 belongs to bromides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Linker,PROTAC Linker, name is 7-Bromohept-1-yne, and the molecular formula is C7H11Br, Recommanded Product: 7-Bromohept-1-yne.
Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromide,
bromide – Wiktionary