Category: 6825-20-3

The author of 《Multi-spectroscopic measurements, molecular modeling and density functional theory calculations for interactions of 2,7-dibromocarbazole and 3,6-dibromocarbazole with serum albumin》 were Wang, Lijun; Wu, Xiaoqin; Yang, Yanan; Liu, Xina; Zhu, Meiqing; Fan, Shisuo; Wang, Zhen; Xue, Jiaying; Hua, Rimao; Wang, Yi; Li, Qing X.. And the article was published in Science of the Total Environment in 2019. Formula: C12H7Br2N The author mentioned the following in the article:

2,7-Dibromocarbazole (2,7-DBCB) and 3,6-dibromocarbazole (3,6-DBCB) are emerging environmental pollutants, being potentially high risks to human health. In this study, interactions of the two compounds with human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated by mol. modeling, d. functional theory calculations (DFT) and multispectral techniques. The static quenching interaction deduced in the fluorescence quenching experiment is confirmed by the time-resolved analyses. The interactions of the two compounds with HSA/BSA induce mol. microenvironment and conformation changes, as assessed by synchronous and 3D fluorescence spectra, together with a destruction of polypeptide carbonyl hydrogen bond network by CD and Fourier transform IR analyses. The thermodn. anal. indicated that the spontaneous interaction was hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic forces. The binding constant Ka at 298 K was 3.54 × 105 M-1 in HSA-2,7-DBCB, 6.63 × 105 M-1 in HSA-3,6-DBCB, 1.32 × 105 M-1 in BSA-2,7-DBCB and 2.17 × 105 M-1 in BSA-3,6-DBCB. These results indicates that 3,6-DBCB binds HSA/BSA more strongly than 2,7-DBCB, which was estimated with DFT calculations Site marker competition experiments coupled with mol. modeling studies confirmed that both compounds bind HSA/BSA at site I (subdomain IIA). The results suggest that interactions between 2,7-DBCB and 3,6-DBCB with HSA and BSA may affect the normal physiol. activities in human and animals. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Formula: C12H7Br2N)

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and also an important intermediate of synthesizing optoelectronic materials. It has been used as a reagent in the synthesis of P7C3-A20 which is a potent neuroprotective agent.Formula: C12H7Br2N

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Triarylborane catalysed N-alkylation of amines with aryl esters》 was published in Catalysis Science & Technology in 2020. These research results belong to Nori, Valeria; Dasgupta, Ayan; Babaahmadi, Rasool; Carlone, Armando; Ariafard, Alireza; Melen, Rebecca L.. Application of 6825-20-3 The article mentions the following:

Herein, the N-alkylation reactions of a wide variety of amine substrates such as di-Ph amine, N-Me aniline, indoline, 9H-carbazole, etc. with aryl esters 4-FC6H4C(O)OCH(R)R1 (R = Ph, 4-fluorophenyl, naphthalen-2-yl, etc.; R1 = Me, cyclohexyl, 2-phenylethynyl, etc.) using catalytic amounts of B(C6F5)3 were described. This mild reaction protocol gives access to N-alkylated products RCH(R1)N(4-R2C6H4)R3 (R2 = H, Me, t-Bu; R3 = Me, Ph, 4-methylphenyl, 4-tert-butylphenyl)/e.g., I in good to excellent yields (up to 95%). The construction of a C-N bond at the propargylic position has also been demonstrated to yield synthetically useful propargyl amines. On the other hand, unsubstituted 1H-indole and 1H-pyrrole at the C3/C2 positions afforded exclusively C-C coupled products R4CH(4-FC6H4)2 (R4 = 1H-indol-3-yl, 1H-pyrrol-2-yl). Extensive DFT studies have been employed to understand the mechanism for this transformation. In the experiment, the researchers used 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Application of 6825-20-3)

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a reagent in the synthesis of P7C3-A20 which is a potent neuroprotective agent. And it has been used in the preparation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,6-dibromocarbazole.Application of 6825-20-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Leitch, Jamie A.; Smallman, Harry R.; Browne, Duncan L. published their research in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021. The article was titled 《Solvent-Minimized Synthesis of 4CzIPN and Related Organic Fluorophores via Ball Milling》.COA of Formula: C12H7Br2N The article contains the following contents:

The mechanochem. synthesis of 2,4,5,6-tetra(9H-carbazol-9-yl)isophthalonitrile and related organic fluorophores/photocatalysts via a solvent-minimized four-fold SNAr pathway is herein described. Employing sodium tert-butoxide as base, and negating the need for any air/moisture-sensitive reaction set-ups, a selection of organic dyes was synthesized in just 1 h using this ball-milling technique. Furthermore, the transformation was then showcased on a multigram scale. In addition to this study using 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole, there are many other studies that have used 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3COA of Formula: C12H7Br2N) was used in this study.

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and also an important intermediate of synthesizing optoelectronic materials. It has been used as a reagent in the synthesis of P7C3-A20 which is a potent neuroprotective agent.COA of Formula: C12H7Br2N

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Wang, Guowei; Jiang, Timing; Li, Sen; Hou, Huijie; Xiao, Keke; Hu, Jingping; Liang, Sha; Liu, Bingchuan; Yang, Jiakuan published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Occurrence and exposure risk evaluation of polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) in drinking water》, and you may find the article in Science of the Total Environment.Related Products of 6825-20-3 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Although polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) can be generated and detected in drinking water, their occurrence and potential health risks to humans via drinking water ingestion are not well known. In this study, 11 PHCZs were screened in drinking water samples from Wuhan, the most populous city in central China. The total concentration of PHCZs could be up to 53.48 ng/L with a median level of 8.19 ng/L, which was comparable to polychlorinated biphenyls and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances reported in the literatures for drinking water. Composition profiles revealed that 3,6-dichlorocarbazole, 3-chlorocarbazole, 3-bromocarbazole and 3,6-dibromocarbazole were the predominant PHCZ congeners in the tested samples. Regional differences in the levels and patterns of PHCZs suggested that anthropogenic releases should be the dominant source compared to natural generation. Potential health risks associated to the levels of PHCZs in drinking water were assessed using the toxic equivalent (TEQs) method. The estimated daily intake of PHCZs via drinking water ingestion is up to 0.38 pg-TEQ/kg body weight/day for infants, nearly 4.5 times higher than that for adults, and appears to reach the maximum permissible concentration set by certain authority agencies. Overall, drinking water ingestion represents an important exposure pathway for PHCZs. This is the first comprehensive study on the abundance and health risks of PHCZs in drinking water. In the experiment, the researchers used 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Related Products of 6825-20-3)

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and also an important intermediate of synthesizing optoelectronic materials. It has been used in the preparation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,6-dibromocarbazole.Related Products of 6825-20-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Liu, Mingkai; Jia, Yuxi; Cui, Zilong; Lu, Zhichao; Zhang, Weikun; Liu, Kezhong; Shuai, Li; Shi, Lei; Ke, Runhui; Lou, Yinghua published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Occurrence and potential sources of polyhalogenated carbazoles in farmland soils from the Three Northeast Provinces, China》, and you may find the article in Science of the Total Environment.Application In Synthesis of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) have been detected in various environments frequently and have attracted increasing attention for their multiple toxicities. However, only a few reports record the occurrence of PHCZs in farmland soils, and the sources of which were not yet been implemented. In this study, 12 PHCZs and carbazole (CZ) were screened in farmland soil samples from the Three Northeast Provinces, and the ∑PHCZs were in the range of 18.16-219.67 ng/g dw. 36-CCZ was the dominant congener (40.67%) in farmland soils, followed by 3-CCZ (14.51%), and average percentages of other congeners were lower than 10%. A concrete anal. of the sources of PHCZs in the soil was conducted, revealing the diversity of PHCZs sources. Potential toxic effects associated with the levels of PHCZs were evaluated via the toxic equivalency (TEQ) approach, and the TEQs of PHCZs (TEQPHCZs) were in the range of 2.24-14.06 pg TEQ/g dw. Notwithstanding the 1368-CCZ with a low concentration level, the mean contribution to TEQPHCZs was up to 24.24%, preceded only by 36-CCZ (39.69%), showing the congeners with low concentration also may pose potential risks to the environment. Partial PHCZs congeners (2-BCZ, 3-BCZ, 36-CCZ, 136-BCZ, and 2367-BCZ) showed significant correlations (r = 0.45-0.63, p < 0.05) with the total organic carbon (TOC). Significant correlations were shown between PHCZ congeners replaced by halogens of the same species and quantity (r = 0.40-0.99, p < 0.01). In view of the fact that the high concentration level of PHCZs in the soil and their source diversity, more environmental monitoring and risk assessments of PHCZs should be of particular concern. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Application In Synthesis of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole)

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and also an important intermediate of synthesizing optoelectronic materials. It has been used in the preparation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,6-dibromocarbazole.Application In Synthesis of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2022,Du, Zhongkun; Hou, Kaixuan; Zhou, Tongtong; Shi, Baihui; Zhang, Cheng; Zhu, Lusheng; Li, Bing; Wang, Jinhua; Wang, Jun published an article in Science of the Total Environment. The title of the article was 《Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) induce cardiotoxicity and behavioral changes in zebrafish at early developmental stages》.Recommanded Product: 6825-20-3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are widely present in the environment, and their health risks are of increasing concern. Available studies primarily confirm their dioxin-like toxicity mechanism based on biomarkers, such as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and CYP1A1, while few studies have investigated their actual toxic effects at the level of individual organisms. In the present study, the developmental toxicity of two typical PHCZs with a high detection rate and high concentration in the environment (3,6-dichlorocarbazol (3,6-DCCZ) and 3,6-dibromocarbazole (3,6-DBCZ)) was investigated based on a fish embryo acute toxicity test (FET, zebrafish) and transcriptomics anal. The 96 h LC50 values of 3,6-DCCZ and 3,6-DBCZ were 0.636 mg/L and 1.167 mg/L, resp. Both tested PHCZs reduced the zebrafish heart rate and blocked heart looping at concentrations of 0.5 mg/L or higher. The swimming/escaping behavior of zebrafish larvae was more vulnerable to 3,6-DBCZ than 3,6-DCCZ. Transcriptomics assays showed that multiple pathways linked to organ development, immunization, metabolism and protein synthesis were disturbed in PHCZ-exposed fish, which might be the internal mechanism of the adverse effects. The present study provides evidence that PHCZs cause cardiac developmental toxicity and behavioral changes and improves our understanding of their health risks. In addition to this study using 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole, there are many other studies that have used 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Recommanded Product: 6825-20-3) was used in this study.

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and also an important intermediate of synthesizing optoelectronic materials. It has been used as a reagent in the synthesis of P7C3-A20 which is a potent neuroprotective agent.Recommanded Product: 6825-20-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Application In Synthesis of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazoleIn 2021 ,《Occurrence and distribution of polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCs) in sediments from the northern South China Sea》 appeared in Science of the Total Environment. The author of the article were Zhou, Wenxiu; Chen, Weifang; Li, Peng; Gu, Zhaoyang; Peng, Jinghe; Lin, Kunde. The article conveys some information:

Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCs) have been frequently detected in various environments and have gained increasing attention due to their dioxin-like toxicity. In this study, 28 surface sediments and three sediment cores were collected from the northern South China Sea (SCS) to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution trends of PHCs. The total concentrations of PHCs in the surface sediments ranged from 0.25 ng/g to 3.10 ng/g, with a median concentration of 1.50 ng/g. The composition profiles of PHCs in the surface sediments were dominated by 3,6-dichlorocarbazole (36-CCZ), 3,6-dibromocarbazole (36-BCZ), and 1,3,6,8-tetrabromocarbazole (1368-BCZ). The total organic carbon (TOC) based concentrations of 36-CCZ, 1-bromo-3,6-dichlorocarbazole, 1,3,6,8-tetrachlorocarbazole, and 1368-BCZ showed significant pos. correlation with water depth (r = 0.58-0.88, p values < 0.01). On the contrary, the TOC based concentration of 2,3,6,7-tetrachlorocarbazole displayed a significant neg. correlation with the water depth (r = -0.52, p < 0.01). However, no significant correlation was observed for 3-chlorocarbazole, 36-BCZ, and 1,3,6-tribromocarbazole (p values > 0.05). PHCs in sediment cores showed that congener profiles and concentrations of PHCs remained largely stable throughout the 1890s and 2010s. In addition, all the detected PHCs displayed a significant pos. correlation with TOC content of the sediments. These unique spatial and temporal distribution patterns suggest that both terrigenous and natural marine sources contributed the observed PHCs in sediments of the northern SCS. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Application In Synthesis of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole)

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and also an important intermediate of synthesizing optoelectronic materials. It has been used in the preparation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,6-dibromocarbazole.Application In Synthesis of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2019,Environmental Science & Technology included an article by Ji, Chenyang; Shen, Chao; Zhou, Yixi; Zhu, Kongyang; Sun, Zhe; Zuo, Zhenghong; Zhao, Meirong. Related Products of 6825-20-3. The article was titled 《AhR Agonist Activity Confirmation of Polyhalogenated Carbazoles (PHCZs) Using an Integration of in Vitro, in Vivo, and in Silico Models》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are a kind of rising environmental pollutants that have been reported to pose high risk to human beings and natural environment. PHCZs are of a similar mol. structure with of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and exhibited some dioxin-like toxicity. Dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are required to be banned by the Stockholm Convention due to their potential adverse impacts to the environment and public health. However, few efforts have been done towards the regulation of PHCZs. Herein, we initiated multi-models to systematically determine and validate the dioxin-like effects of PHCZs in a large scale. Transgenic zebrafish line-Tg(cyp1a-12DRE:EGFP) and stably transfected HepG2 cell line with luciferase reporter plasmids were used to screen and evaluate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist effects of the target PHCZs, which were then verified by application of mol. docking and expression levels of AhR downstream genes. Results of the two bioassays showed that most of the tested PHCZs could pose dioxin-like AhR agonist effects, change the expression levels of AhR downstream genes, and interact with AhR in accordance with TCDD. In summary, data presented here can help to guide the safe use and regulation of PHCZs. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Related Products of 6825-20-3)

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a reagent in the synthesis of P7C3-A20 which is a potent neuroprotective agent. And it has been used in the preparation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,6-dibromocarbazole.Related Products of 6825-20-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

The author of 《Determination of carbazole and halogenated carbazoles in human serum samples using GC-MS/MS》 were Fang, Li; Qiu, Fengmei; Li, Ying; Wang, Shizhong; DeGuzman, Josephine; Wang, Jun; She, Jianwen. And the article was published in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety in 2019. Computed Properties of C12H7Br2N The author mentioned the following in the article:

Carbazole and halogenated carbazoles have been widely detected throughout the environment in soil, river deposits, and lake sediments. Human exposure to these compounds may occur through inhalation, drinking water, dietary intake and/or skin contact, and exposure levels in the body may be evaluated by measuring them in serum or blood. This paper reports the method development and validation for the anal. of carbazole and 11 halogenated carbazoles in human blood and/or serum samples. A small sample size of 100μL of blood or serum was employed for the anal. The samples were prepared through salting-out liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) by using hexane/ethyl acetate (4:1, volume/volume) as the extraction solvent and aqueous MgSO4 (37.5 wt%) as the salting-out regent, resp. Sample anal. was performed using gas-chromatog. (GC) coupled with a tandem mass spectrometer (MS/MS) in an electron impact (EI) mode. The developed method demonstrated low detection limits in the range of 0.02-0.27 ng/mL, intra-day accuracy ranging from 81.2% to 125%, and inter-day accuracy from 91.0% to 117%. The intra- and inter-day precisions, calculated by relative standard deviations (RSDs), were in the ranges of 1.0-16.0% and 1.8-16.4%, resp. The developed method was applied to the anal. of 50 human serum samples collected from pregnant women in Southern California in 2012. Low concentrations of carbazole were measured in 18 samples, while halogenated carbazoles were not detected in any of the samples. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Computed Properties of C12H7Br2N)

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and also an important intermediate of synthesizing optoelectronic materials. It has been used as a reagent in the synthesis of P7C3-A20 which is a potent neuroprotective agent.Computed Properties of C12H7Br2N

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

The author of 《Photochemical degradation of polyhalogenated carbazoles in hexane by sunlight》 were Zhou, Shanshan; Pan, Xiaoxue; Tang, Qiaozhi; Zhu, Hongbin; Zhou, Jiayi; Zhao, Lu; Guo, Jiehong; Wang, Zunyao; Liu, Weiping; Li, An. And the article was published in Science of the Total Environment in 2019. Quality Control of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole The author mentioned the following in the article:

Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are a class of halogenated dibenzopyrrole, which have been increasingly detected in the environment and found to be bioaccumulative and potentially toxic. However, their environmental transformation potential is largely unknown. In this study, UV absorption spectra of carbazole (CZ) and 10 PHCZs were obtained with wavelength range 290-400 nm, and three peaks were identified in most cases with the highest occurring around 300 nm. Hexane solutions of CZ, 10 individual PHCZs, and a sediment extract containing nine other PHCZs were sep. irradiated under natural sunlight in order to investigate their photodegradation kinetics and pathways. The pseudo-first-order reaction rate constants (k) of these PHCZs varied from 0.183 h-1 to 2.394 h-1, and increased exponentially with increasing numbers of chlorines and bromines in PHCZ mols. Contribution to ln k from each bromine atom is more than doubling of that from each chlorine atom. Stepwise reduction debromination was confirmed to be one of the photodegradation mechanisms for both brominated and mixed halogenated (containing both bromine and chlorine) carbazoles. Only sporadic dechlorinated products were found during the photolysis of chlorinated carbazoles. By adopting a simplified kinetic approach, we estimated that dehalogenation contributed approx. 20% to 51% of the total loss of the parent PHCZs. In the experiment, the researchers used 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Quality Control of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole)

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and also an important intermediate of synthesizing optoelectronic materials. It has been used in the preparation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,6-dibromocarbazole.Quality Control of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary