Category: 303734-52-3

Grand, Caroline published the artcileMorphology Control in Films of Isoindigo Polymers by Side-Chain and Molecular Weight Effects, Category: bromides-buliding-blocks, the publication is ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (2017), 9(15), 13357-13368, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The performance of devices relying on organic electronic materials, such as organic field-effect transistors (OFET) and organic photovoltaics (OPV), is strongly correlated to the morphol. of the conjugated material in thin films. For instance, several factors such as polymer solubility, weak intermol. forces between polymers and fullerene derivatives, and film drying time impact phase separation in the active layer of a bulk heterojunction OPV device. In an effort to probe the influence of polymer assembly on morphol. of polymer thin films and phase separation with fullerene derivatives, five terthiophene-alt-isoindigo copolymers were synthesized with alkyl side-chains of varying lengths and branching on the terthiophene unit. These P[T3(R)-iI] polymers were designed to have similar optoelectronic properties but different solubilities in o-dichlorobenzene and were predicted to have different tendencies for crystallization All polymers with linear alkyl chains exhibit similar thin film morphologies as investigated by grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) and at. force microscopy (AFM). The main differences in electronic and morphol. properties arise when P[T3(R)-iI] is substituted with branched 2-ethylhexyl (2EH) side-chains. The bulky 2EH substituents lead to a blue-shifted absorption, a lower ionization potential, and reduced ordering in polymer thin films. The five P[T3-iI] derivatives span hole mobilities from 1.5 × 10^-3 to 2.8 × 10^-2 cm² V^-1 s^-1 in OFET devices. In OPV devices, the 2EH-substituted polymers yield open-circuit voltages of 0.88 V in BHJ devices yet low short-circuit currents of 0.8 mA cm^-2, which is explained by the large phase separation observed by AFM in blends of P[T3(2EH)-iI] with PC₇₁BM. In these P[T3(R)-iI] systems, the propensity for the polymers to self-assemble prior to aggregation of PC₇₁BM mols. was key to achieving fine phase separation and increased short-circuit currents, eventually resulting in power conversion efficiencies of 5% in devices processed using a single solvent.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces published new progress about 303734-52-3. 303734-52-3 belongs to bromides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiophene,Bromide, name is 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene, and the molecular formula is C12H19BrS, Category: bromides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromide,
bromide – Wiktionary

Kim, Ki-Hyun published the artcileInfluence of intermolecular interactions of electron donating small molecules on their molecular packing and performance in organic electronic devices, Synthetic Route of 303734-52-3, the publication is Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability (2013), 1(46), 14538-14547, database is CAplus.

Intermol. interactions have a critical role in determining the mol. packing and orientation of conjugated polymers and organic mols., leading to significant changes in their elec. and optical properties. Herein, the authors studied the effects of intermol. interactions of electron-donating small mols. on their structural, optical, and elec. properties, as well as on their performance in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Dithienosilole-based small mol. donors were synthesized by introducing different terminal groups of ester and amide groups combined with 3 different versions of alkyl side chains. In comparison to dithienosilole-based small mols. with ester terminal groups, those with amide terminal groups exhibit strong intermol. interaction by H bonding in a nondestructive manner. To control the intermol. distance during assembly and thus fine-tune the interaction between the small mol. donors, 3 different alkyl side chains (i.e., n-octyl, n-decyl, and 2-ethylhexyl chains) were introduced into both small mols. with amide and ester terminal groups. The mol. packing and orientation of the small mol. donors were dramatically changed upon modifying the terminal groups and the alkyl side chains, as evidenced by grazing incidence x-ray scattering (GIXS) measurements. This feature significantly affected the elec. properties of the small mols. in OFETs. The trends in the activation energies for charge transport and the hole mobilities in OFETs were consistent with the mol. ordering and orientation propensity. The nano-scale morphol. of small mols. blended with [6,6]-phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid Me ester (PCBM) was also influenced by the intermol. interaction of small mol. donors. Power conversion efficiencies of >4.3% in OPVs were obtained from dithienosilole-based small mols. with ester terminal groups and linear side chains due to the optimized intermol. interaction and morphol. of the active layer.

Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability published new progress about 303734-52-3. 303734-52-3 belongs to bromides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiophene,Bromide, name is 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene, and the molecular formula is C12H19BrS, Synthetic Route of 303734-52-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromide,
bromide – Wiktionary

Liu, Delong published the artcileTunable Electron Donating and Accepting Properties Achieved by Modulating the Steric Hindrance of Side Chains in A-D-A Small-Molecule Photovoltaic Materials, Formula: C12H19BrS, the publication is Chemistry of Materials (2018), 30(3), 619-628, database is CAplus.

Modulation of the electron donating and accepting properties of organic semiconductors is an important topic in the field of organic photovoltaics. Although the small-mol. semiconductors (SMs) with an A-D-A structure can act as either electron donor or acceptor in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, the reason why mols. with similar conjugated structures play different roles remains unclear. In this work, we designed and synthesized two A-D-A SMs named BTCN-O and BTCN-M, which have an identical backbone and differ in the alkyl substitution position. BTCN-O and BTCN-M demonstrate similar optical absorption spectra in solution and mol. energy levels in a solid film. BTCN-O forms an ordered lamellar packed structure with compact π-π stacking, whereas BTCN-M demonstrates only a weak π-π stacking effect in solid film. We also investigated their photovoltaic properties by blending each with a polymer donor, PBDB-T, and a fullerene acceptor, PC₇₁BM, and found that the electron donating and accepting abilities of BTCN-O and BTCN-M are exactly opposite. According to the results obtained from a variety of anal. methods, we can infer that for the planar A-D-A SMs, the steric hindrance caused by the nonconjugated alkyls in their central units plays a critical role that affects their electron donating and accepting properties. More specifically, the A-D-A mols. that have low steric hindrance in their central units, which allows ordered lamellar packing and compact π-π stacking in the solid film, can act as an electron donor in OPV device, and the mols. that have high steric hindrance for intermol. π-π interactions in their central units tend to act as electron acceptors. Overall, this work provides a new perspective in the mol. design of organic photovoltaic materials.

Chemistry of Materials published new progress about 303734-52-3. 303734-52-3 belongs to bromides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiophene,Bromide, name is 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene, and the molecular formula is C12H19BrS, Formula: C12H19BrS.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromide,
bromide – Wiktionary

Delbosc, Nicolas published the artcileSynthesis, optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties of conjugated alternating copolymers incorporating 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole or fluorenone units: a comparative study, Formula: C12H19BrS, the publication is RSC Advances (2014), 4(29), 15236-15244, database is CAplus.

A series of p-type alternating copolymers based on oligothiophene and fluorene electron-donating units, and fluorenone or benzothiadiazole electron-withdrawing units was synthesized via Suzuki coupling reaction. Their optical, electrochem. and photovoltaic properties were investigated in detail allowing rational rules to be drawn on the structure-property relationships. We highlight in this work the crucial role of the side solubilizing groups attached to the polymer backbones that have a significant impact on the morphol. of the blends and the solar cell’s power conversion efficiency. Devices with an active area of 0.28 cm², based on fluorenone-copolymers and [70]PCBM blends showed V_oc up to 0.95 V and Power Conversion Efficiencies (PCE) up to 1.82% under AM1.5 simulated sunlight (100 mW cm^-2) conditions. These values are improved compared to the ones reported to date for this class of materials.

RSC Advances published new progress about 303734-52-3. 303734-52-3 belongs to bromides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiophene,Bromide, name is 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene, and the molecular formula is C12H19BrS, Formula: C12H19BrS.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromide,
bromide – Wiktionary

Fan, Bingbing published the artcileHigh-performance conjugated terpolymer-based organic bulk heterojunction solar cells, SDS of cas: 303734-52-3, the publication is Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability (2016), 4(36), 13930-13937, database is CAplus.

Recently, conjugated terpolymers comprising 3 components have attracted tremendous attention. However, quite a few examples of high-performance terpolymers have been reported. We present 2 terpolymers named PtDDA and PtDAA, in which bithiophene (BT) and benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c’]dithiophene-4,8-dione (T1) were chosen as the donor and acceptor units, resp. Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (TT) and thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole (TTz) were used as the third component. It is interesting to find that the PtDDA terpolymer shows a typical D1-D2-D1-A1 structure while PtDAA shows a D1-A1-D1-A2 structure. Without using additives or post-annealing processes, PtDAA-based solar cells show a high PCE of 8.1%, with an unprecedented fill factor (FF) of 0.74, which is much higher than those of PtDDA-based devices (PCE =3.4%, FF =0.55). The high efficiency of 8.1% is one of the highest values reported so far for organic solar cells based on conjugated terpolymers. The high performance is mainly ascribed to the efficient carrier transport in the PtDAA:PC₇₁BM active layer, high crystallinity of PtDAA, and high domain purity. The results suggest that constructing conjugated terpolymers with one donor and two acceptor units is an effective strategy for designing high-performance solar cell materials.

Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability published new progress about 303734-52-3. 303734-52-3 belongs to bromides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiophene,Bromide, name is 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene, and the molecular formula is C12H19BrS, SDS of cas: 303734-52-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromide,
bromide – Wiktionary

Li, Yao published the artcileSimple non-fullerene electron acceptors with unfused core for organic solar cells, Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene, the publication is Chinese Chemical Letters (2019), 30(1), 222-224, database is CAplus.

Two simple electron acceptors based on unfused bithiophene core and 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone end group were easily prepared via three synthetic steps. These acceptors exhibited broad absorption in the range of 300 nm to 800 nm, aligned energy levels and high crystallinity. When combined with a wide band gap donor polymer in non-fullerene solar cells, an initial power conversion efficiency of 2.4% was achieved. The relatively low efficiencies were due to the large phase separation in blended thin films, which is originated from their high aggregation tendency in thin films. Our results suggest that these electron acceptors with unfused core are promising candidates for com. application of solar cells due to the low cost starting materials and facile synthesis.

Chinese Chemical Letters published new progress about 303734-52-3. 303734-52-3 belongs to bromides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiophene,Bromide, name is 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene, and the molecular formula is C12H19BrS, Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromide,
bromide – Wiktionary

He, Chun-Yang published the artcileSelective thienylation of fluorinated benzothiadiazoles and benzotriazoles for organic photovoltaics, Application In Synthesis of 303734-52-3, the publication is Chemical Science (2014), 5(4), 1317-1321, database is CAplus.

An unprecedented example for the selective and efficient synthesis of an FBT-thiophene structural motif via dual C-H functionalization, catalyzed by palladium, has been developed. Fluorinated benzotriazole is also applicable to the reaction. This protocol provides facile access to unsym. and sym. thienylated FBTs that can be applied in the development of high performance photovoltaics, in particular in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells.

Chemical Science published new progress about 303734-52-3. 303734-52-3 belongs to bromides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiophene,Bromide, name is 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene, and the molecular formula is C12H19BrS, Application In Synthesis of 303734-52-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromide,
bromide – Wiktionary

Chen, Lin X. published the artcileDynamics of Photoinduced Electron Transfer in a Molecular Donor-Acceptor Quartet, Synthetic Route of 303734-52-3, the publication is Journal of Physical Chemistry B (2006), 110(24), 11730-11738, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The electronic structures and dynamics of photoinduced charge separation and recombination in a new donor/acceptor quartet mol. with bis-oligothiophene (BOTH) and bis-perylenediimide (BPDI) blocks attached to a benzene ring were described. Detailed transient spectroscopic studies were carried out on this compound and reference compounds at isolated mol. levels in solution Two different dynamics of charge separation and recombination associated with two types of donor/acceptor pair conformations in solution were observed These results were discussed based on Marcus theory and ascribed to both through-bond and through-space electron-transfer processes associated with two different orientations of the acceptors relative to the donor group. This mol. system exhibits a more efficient charge separation than charge recombination processes in both polar and nonpolar organic solvents, indicating that the material is an interesting candidate for photovoltaic studies in solid state.

Journal of Physical Chemistry B published new progress about 303734-52-3. 303734-52-3 belongs to bromides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiophene,Bromide, name is 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene, and the molecular formula is C12H19BrS, Synthetic Route of 303734-52-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromide,
bromide – Wiktionary

Ng, Man-Kit published the artcilePhotorefractive Effects and Structure/Property Correlation of Oligothiophenes Functionalized with Nonlinear Optical Chromophores, Safety of 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene, the publication is Chemistry of Materials (2000), 12(10), 2988-2995, database is CAplus.

A homologous series of fully functionalized regioregular oligo(3-alkylthiophenes) 10-12 bearing a nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophore was synthesized. An alternating sequence of bromination and Stille cross-coupling reactions was developed for the synthesis of these oligomers and regiochem. pure, trimethylsilyl-substituted bithiophene organostannane 2c was utilized as the building block. The resulting materials were shown to form stable amorphous films exhibiting a large photorefractive (PR) effect. Two-beam coupling and degenerate four-wave mixing experiments demonstrate large optical net gain and high diffraction efficiency. The PR performance of these oligomers depends on the π-conjugation chain length with an optimized conjugation length.

Chemistry of Materials published new progress about 303734-52-3. 303734-52-3 belongs to bromides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiophene,Bromide, name is 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene, and the molecular formula is C12H19BrS, Safety of 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromide,
bromide – Wiktionary

Wang, Hsing-Ju published the artcileNovel polythiophene derivatives functionalized with conjugated side-chain pendants comprising triphenylamine/carbazole moieties for photovoltaic cell applications, COA of Formula: C12H19BrS, the publication is Polymer Chemistry (2013), 4(3), 506-519, database is CAplus.

We synthesized a series of polythiophenes (PTs) featuring 2-ethylhexyl-substituted terthiophene (T) or quaterthiophene (BT) as the conjugated unit in the polymer backbone with pendant conjugated tert-butyl-substituted triphenylamine (tTPA)- or carbazole (tCz)-containing moieties as side chains, namely PTtTPA, PBTtTPA, PTtCz and PBTtCz. Incorporating T and BT moieties into the polymer backbone and attaching tTPA or tCz units promoted efficient conjugation within the extended conjugated frameworks of the polymers, resulting in lower band-gap energies and red-shifting of the maximal UV-Vis absorption wavelength. The higher electron-donating ability of tTPA resulted in broader absorption bands and lower band-gap energies of PTtTPA and PBTtTPA as compared with PTtCz and PBTtCz. Incorporation of the T and BT moieties into the polymer backbone enhanced the compatibility of PT and the fullerene derivative by reducing the side-chain d. of PT, thus providing sufficient free volume for efficient incorporation of [6,6]phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid Me ester (PC₆₁BM) into the polymer chains. Polymer solar cells (PSCs) were fabricated by spin-coating a blend of each PT with the fullerene derivative (PC₆₁BM) as a composite film-type photoactive layer; PBTtTPA/PC₆₁BM-based PSCs showed superior photovoltaic (PV) performance to PTtTPA/PC₆₁BM-based PSCs in terms of conjugation and absorption band broadness. However, PBTtCz/PC₆₁BM-based PSCs showed inferior PV performance to PTtCz/PC₆₁BM-based PSCs. The lower HOMO level led to a higher open-circuit voltage (V_oc; 0.74 V) and larger photo-energy conversion efficiency (η; 2.77%) of PTtCz/PC₆₁BM-based PSCs.

Polymer Chemistry published new progress about 303734-52-3. 303734-52-3 belongs to bromides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiophene,Bromide, name is 2-Bromo-3-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3N4, COA of Formula: C12H19BrS.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromide,
bromide – Wiktionary