Category: 2969-81-5

《Regio- and Enantioselective Ni-Catalyzed Formal Hydroalkylation, Hydrobenzylation, and Hydropropargylation of Acrylamides to α-Tertiary Amides》 was written by Shi, Lou; Xing, Ling-Ling; Hu, Wen-Bo; Shu, Wei. Formula: C6H11BrO2 And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021. The article conveys some information:

The development of enantioselective alkyl-alkyl cross-couplings with coinstantaneous formation of a stereogenic center without the use of sensitive organometallic species is attractive yet challenging. Herein, we report the intermol. regio- and enantioselective formal hydrofunctionalizations of acrylamides, forging a stereogenic center α-position to the newly formed Csp3-Csp3 bond for the first time. The use of a newly developed chiral ligand enables the electronically-reversed formal hydrofunctionalizations, including hydroalkylation, hydrobenzylation, and hydropropargylation, offering an efficient way to access diverse enantioenriched amides with a tertiary α-stereogenic carbon center which is facile to racemize. This operationally simple protocol allows for the anti-Markovnikov enantioselective hydroalkylation, and unprecedented hydrobenzylation, hydropropargylation under mild conditions with excellent functional group compatibility, delivering a wide range of amides with excellent levels of enantioselectivity. The experimental process involved the reaction of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5Formula: C6H11BrO2)

Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5) belongs to bromides. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents.Formula: C6H11BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone derivatives as potent quorum-sensing inhibitors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1》 was published in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2020. These research results belong to Jiang, Kai; Yan, Xinlin; Yu, Jiahao; Xiao, Zijian; Wu, Hao; Zhao, Meihua; Yue, Yuandong; Zhou, Xiaoping; Xiao, Junhai; Lin, Feng. Application of 2969-81-5 The article mentions the following:

A series of 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone compounds (I) [R = 4-FC6H4, 4-ClC6H4, 4-NO2C6H4, etc.; X = O, S; n = 1,2,3,4] was designed and synthesized using ZS-12 as the lead compound Compounds I were screened for inhibitory activities against QS using C. violaceum CV026 as a reporter strain. Some of the compounds I showed good activities (IC50 range 3.69-63.58μM) and compound I [R = 4-BrC6H4; X = O; n = 1] inhibition was the most significant (IC50= 3.686 ± 0.5790μM) against biofilm formation and virulence factors determination of P. aeruginosa PAO1. In vitro, compound I [R = 4-BrC6H4; X = O; n = 1] significantly inhibited the formation of PAO1 biofilm (range 42.98%-17.67%), the production of virulence factors (pyocyanin, elastase, rhamnolipid and protease) and bacterial motility. Moreover, the combination of compound I [R = 4-BrC6H4; X = O; n = 1] with an antibiotic (meropenem trihydrate) could significantly improve the antibiotic susceptibility of biofilm P. aeruginosa PAO1 cells. In vivo, compound I [R = 4-BrC6H4; X = O; n = 1] significantly prolonged the lifespan of wildtype Caenorhabditis elegans N2 infected by P. aeruginosa PAO1. In conclusion, compound I [R = 4-BrC6H4; X = O; n = 1] was a candidate agent for antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa PAO1 and provided a method for finding new antibacterial drugs. The experimental process involved the reaction of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5Application of 2969-81-5)

Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5) belongs to bromides. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents.Application of 2969-81-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Gu, Ruirui; Lehn, Jean-Marie published their research in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021. The article was titled 《Constitutional Dynamic Selection at Low Reynolds Number in a Triple Dynamic System: Covalent Dynamic Adaptation Driven by Double Supramolecular Self-Assembly》.Related Products of 2969-81-5 The article contains the following contents:

A triple dynamic complex system has been designed, implementing a dynamic covalent process coupled to two supramol. self-assembly steps. To this end, two dynamic covalent libraries (DCLs), DCL-1 and DCL-2, have been established on the basis of dynamic covalent C=C/C=N organo-metathesis between two Knoevenagel derivatives and two imines. Each DCL contains a barbituric acid-based Knoevenagel constituent that may undergo a sequential double self-organization process involving first the formation of hydrogen-bonded hexameric supramol. macrocycles that subsequently undergo stacking to generate a supramol. polymer SP yielding a viscous gel state. Both DCLs display selective self-organization-driven amplification of the constituent that leads to the SP. Dissociation of the SP on heating causes reversible randomization of the constituent distributions of the DCLs as a function of temperature Furthermore, diverse distribution patterns of DCL-2 were induced by modulation of temperature and solvent composition The present dynamic systems display remarkable self-organization-driven constitutional adaptation and tunable composition by coupling between dynamic covalent component selection and two-stage supramol. organization. In more general terms, they reveal dynamic adaptation by component selection in low Reynolds number conditions of living systems where frictional effects dominate inertial behavior. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5Related Products of 2969-81-5)

Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5) belongs to bromides. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents.Related Products of 2969-81-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

The author of 《Intratumorally Injected Photothermal Agent-Loaded Photodynamic Nanocarriers for Ablation of Orthotopic Melanoma and Breast Cancer》 were Sun, Xiaodong; Zhuang, Bo; Zhang, Mengmeng; Jiang, Heliu; Jin, Yiguang. And the article was published in ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering in 2019. Quality Control of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate The author mentioned the following in the article:

Traditional chemotherapy of cancers may lead to serious adverse reactions due to little drug distribution in tumors. Here, a combination of photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) was used for local treatment of orthotopic melanoma and breast cancer via intratumoral (i.t.) injection of photothermal agent-loaded photodynamic nanocarriers. A hydrophobic derivative of indocyanine green, DCC, was synthesized and entrapped into a pH-sensitive photosensitizer-core copolymer, PDCZP, to form DCC@PDCZP. The nanocarriers showed remarkable fluorescence, high singlet oxygen quantum yields, and a strong photothermal effect. Flow cytometry suggested that the nanocarriers were efficiently internalized by cancer cells. Near IR thermal imaging and fluorescence self-imaging showed that the i.t. injected DCC@PDCZP mainly remained in the tumors, but the i.v. (i.v.) nanocarriers were distributed a little. One i.t. injection of DCC@PDCZP was enough to ablate the orthotopic B16-F10 and 4T1 mouse tumors under 830 and 660 nm irradiation at 4 h postinjection. More importantly, no local recurrences were found, though swabs were formed at 9 days post-treatment. The major anticancer mechanisms included improvement of cancer cell necrosis due to hyperthermia, inhibition of neovascularization, and enhancement of cell apoptosis. The i.t. injection of PTT/PDT nanoformulations is thus a promising local treatment of superficial tumors. The experimental process involved the reaction of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5Quality Control of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate)

Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5) belongs to bromides. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact.Quality Control of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Stanisheva, Desislava V.; Atanasov, Gjorgji; Aposstolova, Margarita D.; Petrov, Ognyan I. published their research in Current Bioactive Compounds in 2021. The article was titled 《Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity of New Hydroxamic Acids Containing 2-Imidazolylphenyl(oxy/thio)alkanoic Fragment》.Synthetic Route of C6H11BrO2 The article contains the following contents:

Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a new class of therapeutic compounds that show promising results in a series of preclin. and clin. anticancer studies. Hydroxamic acids belong to one of the most significant classes of HDAC inhibitors. The member vorinostat (SAHA) was approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. A series of eight novel hydroxamic acids containing 2-imidazolylphenyl(oxy/thio) alkanoic fragment designed to target Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) were synthesized in five steps from easily accessible 2(3H)-benzoxazolones and 2(3H)-benzthiazolones. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, and elemental anal. The structure-activity relationship was examined via linker length alternation and variation of the heteroatom (oxygen or sulfur) and chlorine substitution pattern of the starting materials. The compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity against two human cancer cell lines (HT-29 and MDA-MB-231). Our data indicate that the compound 6.1d is active in the micromolar range with IC50 of 9.7 μM for MDA-MB-231 cells. DNA fragmentation anal. of the most active compounds confirmed that apoptosis could be one of the mechanisms involved in cell death. Taken together, the results revealed that 6d may become a promising lead compound for new anticancer drugs discovery. In the experiment, the researchers used Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5Synthetic Route of C6H11BrO2)

Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5) belongs to bromides. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents.Synthetic Route of C6H11BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Gou, Jun-Xian; Luo, Yang; Yang, Xi-Nan; Zhang, Wei; Lu, Ji-Hong; Tao, Zhu; Xiao, Xin published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Study on the interactions between melamine-cored Schiff bases with cucurbit[n]urils of different sizes and its application in detecting silver ions》, and you may find the article in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.Related Products of 2969-81-5 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Three different complexes, TMeQ[6]-TBT, Q[7]-TBT, and Q[8]-TBT are constructed by three different cucurbiturils and synthesized by guest melamine-cored Schiff bases (TBT) through outer-surface interaction and host-guest interactions. TBT forms a TMeQ[6]-TBT complex with TMeQ[6] through outer-surface interaction, while Q[7]-TBT and Q[8]-TBT form complexes with Q[7,8] through host-guest interactions. Among them, Q[7]-TBT is selected as a UV detector for the detection of silver ions (Ag+). This work makes full use of the characteristics of each cucurbituril and melamine-cored Schiff base to construct a series of complexes and these are applied to metal detection. In the experiment, the researchers used Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5Related Products of 2969-81-5)

Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5) belongs to bromides. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact.Related Products of 2969-81-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

HPLC of Formula: 2969-81-5In 2022 ,《Synthesis of a cellulose dissolving liquid zwitterion from general and low-cost reagents》 appeared in Cellulose (Dordrecht, Netherlands). The author of the article were Sharma, Gyanendra; Kato, Yui; Hachisu, Ayumi; Ishibashi, Kojiro; Ninomiya, Kazuaki; Takahashi, Kenji; Hirata, Eishu; Kuroda, Kosuke. The article conveys some information:

A carboxylate-type liquid zwitterion, OE2imC3C, has been recently reported as a unique solvent as a class of ionic liquids with distinctive properties and functions such as cellulose dissolution ability and low toxicity to fermentative microoganisms. Therefore, OE2imC3C first enabled successive conversion of biomass to bioethanol in the same reaction pot. However, the reagent, 1-bromo-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane, used for OE2imC3C synthesis is expensive and sometimes out of production and thus prevents its industrialization. Here we synthesized OE2imC3C from general and low-cost reagents. We also confirmed that the present OE2imC3C maintained the distinctive properties and functions because previous literature indicates synthetic procedures affect the properties. The low toxicity and cellulose dissolution ability of the OE2imC3C synthesized in this study were equivalent to those of conventional OE2imC3C. In addition, OE2imC3C is known to have ability to cryopreserve mammalian cells and the OE2imC3C synthesized in this study exhibited the ability. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5HPLC of Formula: 2969-81-5)

Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5) belongs to bromides. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.HPLC of Formula: 2969-81-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

COA of Formula: C6H11BrO2In 2019 ,《Formulation optimization of an ephrin A2 targeted immunoliposome encapsulating reversibly modified taxane prodrugs》 was published in Journal of Controlled Release. The article was written by Huang, Zhaohua Richard; Tipparaju, Suresh Kumar; Kirpotin, Dmitri B.; Pien, Christine; Kornaga, Tad; Noble, Charles O.; Koshkaryev, Alexander; Tran, Jimmy; Kamoun, Walid S.; Drummond, Daryl C.. The article contains the following contents:

Ephrin A2 targeted immunoliposomes incorporating pH-sensitive taxane prodrugs were developed for sustained delivery of active drug to solid tumors. Here we describe the systematic formulation development and characterization of these immunoliposomes. We synthesized both paclitaxel and docetaxel prodrugs to formulate as ephrin A2-targeted liposomes stabilized in the aqueous core with sucroseoctasulfate (SOS). The optimized lipid formulation was comprised of egg-sphingomyelin, cholesterol, and polyethylene glycol distearoyl glycerol (PEG-DSG). The formulations examined had a high efficiency of prodrug encapsulation (as high as 114 mol% taxane per mol phospholipid) and subsequent stability (>3 years at 2-8°C). The taxane prodrug was stabilized with extraliposomal citric acid and subsequently loaded into liposomes containing a gradient of SOS, resulting in highly stable SOS-drug complexes being formed inside the liposome. The internal prodrug and SOS concentrations were optimized for their impact on in vivo drug release and drug degradation Cryo-electron microscope images revealed dense prodrug-SOS complex in the aqueous core of the immunoliposomes. Ephrin A2-targeted taxane liposomes exhibited sub-nanomolar (0.69 nM) apparent equilibrium dissociation constant toward the extracellular domain of the ephrin A2 receptor, long circulation half-life (8-12 h) in mouse plasma, a release rate dependent on intraliposomal drug concentration and stable long-term storage. At an equitoxic dose of 50 mg taxane/kg, ephrin A2-targeted liposomal prodrug showed greater antitumor activity than 10 mg/kg of docetaxel in A549 non-small cell lung, as well as MDA-MB-436 and SUM149 triple neg. breast cancer xenograft models. The lead mol. entered a Phase I clin. trial in patients with solid tumors (NCT03076372). In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5COA of Formula: C6H11BrO2)

Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5) belongs to bromides. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.COA of Formula: C6H11BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Singh, Abhishek Kumar; Schade, Boris; Wycisk, Virginia; Boettcher, Christoph; Haag, Rainer; von Berlepsch, Hans published their research in Journal of Physical Chemistry B in 2021. The article was titled 《Aggregation of Amphiphilic Carbocyanines: Fluorination Favors Cylindrical Micelles over Bilayered Tubes》.Safety of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate The article contains the following contents:

The synthesis of a new amphiphilic 5,5,6,6-tetrachlorobenzimidacarbocyanine dye derivative with -(CH2)2-(CF2)5-CF3 chains attached to the nitrogen atoms in the 1,1-position, CF8O3, is reported. Depending on the dye concentration and the addition of MeOH, CF8O3 forms J- and H-aggregates in aqueous solutions The aggregation behavior was investigated using steady-state absorption, linear dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy, as well as by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). The J-band of the MeOH-free solution is monomer-like, rather broad, and less red-shifted with respect to the monomer absorption, indicating weak excitonic coupling and disorder effects. Cryo-TEM reveals a diversity of supramol. structures, wherein linear and branched cylindrical micelles dominate. It is concluded that the high stiffness of fluoroalkyl chains does not allow the chains to splay and completely fill up the hydrophobic gap between opposing chromophores. This destabilizes the bilayers and favors the micellar structure motifs instead. The aggregates appearing at 30% MeOH show a split absorption spectrum consisting of a broad blue-shifted H-band and an accompanying sharp red-shifted J-band with perpendicular polarizations. These HJ-type aggregates are also composed of micellar fibers, but these bundle into rope-like strands. For 10% MeOH, a narrow bilayered tube is the dominating morphol. The observed MeOH dependence of aggregation reveals a clear cosolvent effect. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5Safety of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate)

Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5) belongs to bromides. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents.Safety of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

The author of 《Glycine-betaine-derived ionic liquids: Synthesis, characterization and ecotoxicological evaluation》 were Parajo, Juan J.; Macario, Ines P. E.; De Gaetano, Yannick; Dupont, Laurent; Salgado, Josefa; Pereira, Joana L.; Goncalves, Fernando J. M.; Mohamadou, Aminou; Ventura, Sonia P. M.. And the article was published in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety in 2019. SDS of cas: 2969-81-5 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Ionic Liquids (ILs) are generically regarded as environmentally “”harmless”” and thus, assumed as “”non-toxic””. However, due to the endless design possibilities, their ecotoxicol. profile is still poorly known. An accurate knowledge on the toxicity of a substance is required, under the scope of environmental regulation worldwide, before their application and commercialization. Knowledge on the relationship between the chem. structure and toxic effects is essential for the future design of more biocompatible solvents. Focusing on the use of ILs as base lubricants, lubricant additives, or even as potential working fluids for absorption heat pumps, the knowledge on its environmental impact is of great importance, due to the possibility of spills. In this specific context, four analogs of glycine-betaine-based ILs (AGB-ILs) and four glycine-betaine based ILs (GB-ILs) were synthesized and characterized. Their ecotoxicity was assessed using representatives of two trophic levels in aquatic ecosystems, the bacteria Allivibrio fischeri (commonly used as a screening test organism) and the microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata (as an alternative test organism that has been proven very sensitive to several IL families). The microalgae were more sensitive than the bacteria, hence, following a precautionary principle, we recommend considering the toxicity towards microalgae as an indicator in future studies regarding the focused ILs. Although four of the studied ILs were derived from a natural amino acid, all were considered hazardous for the aquatic environment, disproving the primary theory that all ILs derived from natural compounds are benign. Furthermore, the modification in the structure of anion and the cation can lead to the increase of toxicity. In addition to this study using Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate, there are many other studies that have used Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5SDS of cas: 2969-81-5) was used in this study.

Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5) belongs to bromides. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact.SDS of cas: 2969-81-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary