Month: February 2023

2-Alkyloxyalkylthiohypoxanthines as new potent inhibitors of xanthine oxidase was written by Biagi, Giuliana;Giorgi, Irene;Pacchini, Federica;Livi, Oreste;Scartoni, Valerio. And the article was included in Farmaco in 2001.Reference of 4457-67-4 This article mentions the following:

The title compounds were prepared and tested as xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors. Results evidenced that potency was related to the position of the oxygen atom in the 2-linear chain and that it grew with distance from the sulfur atom until it became equipotent to 2-n-hexylthiohypoxanthine. Enzymic oxidation on C(2) occurred in the 8-alkylthiohypoxanthines. On the contrary, oxidation on C(8) did not occur in the 2-alkythioderivatives, demonstrating that the chain forced these mols. to form a complex with molybdenum(VI) involving only the N(3) and N(9) nitrogen atoms. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Reference of 4457-67-4).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Reference of 4457-67-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Palladium-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of unactivated secondary alkyl bromides at low pressure was written by Sargent, Brendon T.;Alexanian, Erik J.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2016.Formula: C10H13BrO This article mentions the following:

Catalytic carbonylations of organohalides are important C-C bond formations in chem. synthesis. Carbonylations of unactivated alkyl halides remain a challenge and currently require the use of alkyl iodides under harsh conditions and high pressures of CO. Herein we report a palladium-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of secondary alkyl bromides that proceeds at low pressure (2 atm CO) under mild conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies are consistent with a hybrid organometallic-radical process. These reactions efficiently deliver esters from unactivated alkyl bromides across a diverse range of substrates and represent the first catalytic carbonylations of alkyl bromides with carbon monoxide. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3Formula: C10H13BrO).

1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Formula: C10H13BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Discovery of a novel [3.2.1] benzo fused bicyclic sulfonamide-pyrazoles as potent, selective and efficacious γ-secretase inhibitors was written by Ye, Xiaocong M.;Konradi, Andrei W.;Sun, Minghua;Yuan, Shendong;Aubele, Danielle L.;Dappen, Michael;Dressen, Darren;Garofalo, Albert W.;Jagodzinski, Jacek J.;Latimer, Lee;Probst, Gary D.;Sham, Hing L.;Wone, David;Xu, Ying-zi;Ness, Daniel;Brigham, Elizabeth;Kwong, Grace T.;Willtis, Chris;Tonn, George;Goldbach, Erich;Quinn, Kevin P.;Zhang, Hongbin H.;Sauer, John-Michael;Bova, Michael;Basi, Guriqbal S.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2013.Computed Properties of C8H4BrF3O This article mentions the following:

Structure-activity relation (SAR) of a novel, potent and metabolically stable series of benzo [3.2.1] bicyclic sulfonamide-pyrazoles as γ-secretase inhibitors are described. Compounds that are efficacious in reducing the cortical Aβx-40 levels in FVB mice via oral dose, as well as those with high selectivity over Notch, are highlighted. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7Computed Properties of C8H4BrF3O).

2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Computed Properties of C8H4BrF3O

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis, characterization, and remarkable biological properties of cyclodextrins bearing guanidinoalkylamino and aminoalkylamino groups on their primary side was written by Mourtzis, Nikolaos;Paravatou, Maria;Mavridis, Irene M.;Roberts, Michael L.;Yannakopoulou, Konstantina. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2008.HPLC of Formula: 53784-83-1 This article mentions the following:

The introduction of aminoalkylamino and guanidinoalkylamino substituents on the primary side of β- and γ-cyclodextrin (CDs) resulted in a series of novel compounds that were extensively characterized by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Bromination of the primary side of β- and γ-CD, and reaction with neat alkylene diamines at a pressure of 7 atm afforded aminoalkylamino derivatives that were then guanylated at the primary amino group to give the corresponding guanidinoalkylamino-CDs. These compounds are water soluble and display pK_a values that allow them to be mostly protonated at neutral pH; for example, pK_a1 âˆ?.4 and pK_a2 âˆ?.5 for the aminoethylamino-β-CD and pK_a1 âˆ?.8 and pK_a2 âˆ?1.0 for the guanidinoethylamino-β-CD. The title CDs are rigid, cyclic α-D-glucopyranose oligomers (heptamers or octamers) with branches that resemble lysine and arginine side chains that enable multiple interactions with suitable substrates. Thus, they bear similarities to known cell-penetrating peptides. Indeed, the compounds were found to cross the membranes of HeLa cells and penetrate inside the cytoplasm quickly, the guanidinylated ones within 15 min, as shown by fluorescence microscopy using fluorescein-labeled derivatives The toxicity of the compounds, measured by performing MTT tests, ranged from 50 to 300 μM. Furthermore, some of the aminated CDs could facilitate the transfection of DNA expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) in HEK 293T cells, with effectiveness comparable to the com. agent Lipofectamine 2000. CD, at. force microscopy and electrophoresis experiments confirmed the strong interaction of the compounds with DNA. Because of their carbohydrate, non-peptide nature the title compounds are not anticipated to be enzymically labile or immunogenic, and thus they fulfill many of the criteria for non-hazardous transport vectors in biol. and pharmaceutical applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin (cas: 53784-83-1HPLC of Formula: 53784-83-1).

Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin (cas: 53784-83-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.HPLC of Formula: 53784-83-1

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Gold(I)-Catalyzed Tandem Transformation with Diynes: Rapid Access to Linear Cyclopentenone-Fused Polycyclic Molecules was written by Yu, Congjun;Chen, Bin;Zhou, Tian;Tian, Qingshan;Zhang, Guozhu. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2015.Electric Literature of C8H4BrF3O This article mentions the following:

An efficient and convenient synthesis of useful linear cyclopentenone-fused polycyclic compounds has been achieved through a novel gold(I)-catalyzed transformation of diynes. The method demonstrates high product yields and tolerates of a wide variety of important functional groups. Gold-vinylidene formation, methoxy group migration, and Nazarov-type cyclization are proposed to be the key steps in the reaction pathway. The synthetic utility of this method is demonstrated by converting the product to eight-membered-ring-fused compound In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7Electric Literature of C8H4BrF3O).

2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Electric Literature of C8H4BrF3O

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Rhodium-Catalyzed, Enantioselective Hydroacylation of ortho-Allylbenzaldehydes was written by Johnson, Kirsten F.;Schmidt, Adam C.;Stanley, Levi M.. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2015.Reference of 61150-57-0 This article mentions the following:

The development of a rhodium catalyst for endo- and enantioselective hydroacylation of ortho-allylbenzaldehydes is reported. A catalyst generated in situ from [Rh(COD)Cl]₂, (R)-DTBM-SEGPHOS, and NaBARF promotes the desired hydroacylation reactions and minimizes the formation of byproducts from competitive alkene isomerization and ene/dehydration pathways [e.g., 2-methallylbenzaldehyde â†?(R)-I (85%, 98% ee)]. These rhodium-catalyzed processes generate the 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one products in moderate-to-high yields (49-91%) with excellent enantioselectivities (96-99% ee). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide (cas: 61150-57-0Reference of 61150-57-0).

2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide (cas: 61150-57-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Reference of 61150-57-0

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

1,4-Diphenalkylpiperidines: A new scaffold for the design of potent inhibitors of the vesicular monoamine transporter-2 was written by Nickell, Justin R.;Culver, John P.;Janganati, Venumadhav;Zheng, Guangrong;Dwoskin, Linda P.;Crooks, Peter A.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2016.Recommanded Product: 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene This article mentions the following:

A series of 1,4-diphenalkylpiperidine analogs were synthesized and evaluated for their affinity and inhibitory potency at the [³H]dihydrotetrabenazine (DTBZ) binding site and [³H]dopamine (DA) uptake site on the vesicular monoamine transporter-2 (VMAT2). Results revealed that translocation of the phenethyl side chains of lobelane from C2 and C6 to C1 and C4 around the central piperidine ring slightly reduces affinity and inhibitory potency at VMAT2 with respect to lobelane. However, methoxy and fluoro-substitution of either Ph ring of these 1,4-diphenethyl analogs afforded VMAT2 inhibition comparable or higher (5-fold) affinity at the DTBZ binding and DA uptake sites relative to lobelane, whereas replacement of the 4-phenethyl moiety in these analogs with a 4-phenmethyl moiety markedly reduced affinity for the DTBZ binding and DA uptake sites by 3- and 5-fold, resp. Among the twenty five 1,4-diphenethylpiperidine analogs evaluated, compounds containing a 4-(2-methoxyphenethyl) moiety exhibited the most potent inhibition of DTBZ binding and vesicular DA uptake. From this subgroup, analogs I [R⁴ = OMe, R⁵ =R⁶ = H; R⁵ = OMe, R⁴= R⁶ = H; R⁶ = F, R⁴ = R⁵ =H] exhibited K_i values of 9.3 nM, 13 nM and 13 nM, resp., for inhibition of [³H]DA uptake by VMAT2, and represent some of the most potent inhibitors of VMAT2 function reported thus far. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0Recommanded Product: 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Recommanded Product: 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

ω-Azido fatty acids as probes to detect fatty acid biosynthesis, degradation, and modification was written by Perez, Alexander J.;Bode, Helge B.. And the article was included in Journal of Lipid Research in 2014.Application In Synthesis of 15-Bromopentadecanoic acid This article mentions the following:

FAs play a central role in the metabolism of almost all known cellular life forms. Although GC-MS is regarded as a standard method for FA anal., other methods, such as HPLC/MS, are nowadays widespread but are rarely applied to FA anal. Here we present azido-FAs as probes that can be used to study FA biosynthesis (elongation, desaturation) or degradation (β-oxidation) upon their uptake, activation, and metabolic conversion. These azido-FAs are readily accessible by chem. synthesis and their metabolic products can be easily detected after click-chem. based derivatization with high sensitivity by HPLC/MS, contributing a powerful tool to FA anal., and hence, lipid anal. in general. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 15-Bromopentadecanoic acid (cas: 56523-59-2Application In Synthesis of 15-Bromopentadecanoic acid).

15-Bromopentadecanoic acid (cas: 56523-59-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Application In Synthesis of 15-Bromopentadecanoic acid

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Tailoring the sensing behaviors to Zn²⁺ and AIEE properties of phenanthroline derivatives through isomer engineering was written by Liang, Zuo-Qin;Zou, Zhi-Yang;Ping-Ding;Ye, Chang-Qing;Chen, Shuo-Ran;Zhao, Xin-Jie;Chen, Jun-Hao;Wang, Xiao-Mei;Tao, Xu-Tang. And the article was included in Dyes and Pigments in 2018.Related Products of 22426-14-8 This article mentions the following:

Three isomeric phenanthroline compounds, 2-DP, 3-DP, and 5-DP, are constructed by incorporating 4-(2,2-diphenylvinyl)phenyl unit into 2-, 3-, and 5-positions of phenanthroline. This approach functionalizes these compounds to exhibit different solvatochromism effects and metal-ion sensing abilities. 2-DP shows no obvious sensitivity for proton solvent and metal ions, but it’s quite the opposite for 3-DP and 5-DP. 3-DP possesses higher selectivity and sensitivity to Zn²⁺ than 5-DP to Zn²⁺, with a limit of detection down to 10^-8 M. The d. function theory calculations reveal that their different sensing behaviors are related to their steric hindrance and electronic effects. 2-DP, 3-DP, and 5-DP all exhibit aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE), in which the luminescence (PL) enhancement of 2-DP is the biggest in aggregated state. Probably the mol. torsion degree is responsible for their different AIEE behaviors, which is supported by the x-ray structural anal. The isomer engineering for phenanthroline provides a simple method to enhance the selectivity and sensitivity to metal ions, and to optimize solid-state luminescence properties. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-1,10-phenanthroline (cas: 22426-14-8Related Products of 22426-14-8).

2-Bromo-1,10-phenanthroline (cas: 22426-14-8) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Related Products of 22426-14-8

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Anthracene-Functionalized β-Cyclodextrin (CD-AN) through Multi-Micelle Aggregation was written by Zhang, Yuannan;Xu, Hongjie;Ma, Xiaodong;Shi, Zixing;Yin, Jie;Jiang, Xuesong. And the article was included in Macromolecular Rapid Communications in 2016.Application of 53784-83-1 This article mentions the following:

Multi-micelle aggregation (MMA) mechanism is widely acknowledged to explicate large spherical micelles self-assembly, but the process of MMA during self-assembly is hard to observe. Herein, a novel kind of strong, regular microspheres fabricated from self-assembly of amphiphilic anthracene-functionalized β-cyclodextrin (CD-AN) via Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne click reactions is reported. The obtained CD-AN amphiphiles can self-assemble in water from primary core-shell micelles to secondary aggregates with the diameter changing from several tens nm to around 600-700 nm via MMA process according to the images of SEM, transmission electron microscopy, and at. force microscopy as well as the dynamic light scattering measurements, followed by further crosslinking through photo-dimerization of anthracene. What merits special attention is that such photo-crosslinked self-assemblies are able to disaggregate reversibly into primary nanoparticles when changing the solution conditions, which is benefited from the designed regular structure of CD-AN and the rigid ranging of anthracene during assembly, thus confirming the process of MMA. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin (cas: 53784-83-1Application of 53784-83-1).

Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin (cas: 53784-83-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Application of 53784-83-1

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary