Month: January 2023

Total synthesis of (±)-aspidostomide B, C, regioisomeric N-methyl aspidostomide D and their derivatives was written by Hussain, Mulla Althafh;Khan, Faiz Ahmed. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2019.Reference of 108940-96-1 This article mentions the following:

A full account of the total synthesis of aspidostomide B, C, their analogs and our synthetic efforts towards the synthesis of aspidostomide D, which led to the synthesis of regioisomeric N-Me aspidostomide D, its analogs via epoxide opening strategy is presented. The synthesis of regioisomeric N-Me aspidostomide D involves an efficient, five-step sequence, with 36.3% overall yield, starting from 3,4,5-tribromo-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid. The key features of this protocol are intramol. cyclization, dehydration, oxidation, and a Lewis acid-mediated regioselective epoxide ring opening by C-3 position of 2,5-dibromo-1H-indole to furnish the title compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1Reference of 108940-96-1).

3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Reference of 108940-96-1

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthetic Efforts to Investigate the Effect of Planarizing the Triarylamine Geometry in Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells was written by Almenningen, David Moe;Engh, Veslemoey Minge;Stroemsodd, Eivind Andreas;Hansen, Henrik Erring;Buene, Audun Formo;Hoff, Baard Helge;Gautun, Odd Reidar. And the article was included in ACS Omega in 2022.Safety of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione This article mentions the following:

The geometry of a dye for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) has a major impact on its optical and electronic properties. The dye structure also dictates the packing properties and how well the dye insulates the metal-oxide surface from oxidants in the electrolyte. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of planarizing the geometry of the common triarylamine donor, frequently used in dyes for DSSC. Five novel dyes were designed and prepared; two employ conventional triarylamine donors with thiophene and furan π-spacers, two dyes have had their donors planarized through one sulfur bridge (making two distinct phenothiazine motifs), and the final dye has been planarized by forming a double phenoxazine. The synthesis of these model dyes proved to be quite challenging, and each required specially designed total syntheses. We demonstrate that the planarization of the triarylamine donor can have different effects. When planarization was achieved by a 3,7-phenothiazine and double phenoxazine structures, improved absorption properties were noted, and a panchromatic absorption was achieved by the latter. However, an incorrect linking of donor and acceptor moieties has the opposite effect. Further, electrochem. impedance spectroscopy revealed clear differences in charge recombination depending on the structure of the dye. A drawback of planarized dyes in relation to DSSC is their low oxidation potentials. The best photovoltaic performance was achieved by 3,7-phenothazine with furan as a π-spacer, which produces a power conversion efficiency of 5.2% (J_sc = 8.8 mA cm^-2, V_oc = 838 mV, FF = 0.70). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Safety of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Safety of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Structure-based search for new inhibitors of cholinesterases was written by Bajda, Marek;Wieckowska, Anna;Hebda, Michalina;Guzior, Natalia;Sotriffer, Christoph A.;Malawska, Barbara. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2013.Related Products of 954-81-4 This article mentions the following:

Cholinesterases are important biol. targets responsible for regulation of cholinergic transmission, and their inhibitors were used for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. To design new cholinesterase inhibitors, of different structure-based design strategies was followed, including the modification of compounds from a previously developed library and a fragment-based design approach. This led to the selection of heterodimeric structures as potential inhibitors. Synthesis and biol. evaluation of selected candidates confirmed that the designed compounds were acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with IC₅₀ values in the mid-nanomolar to low micromolar range, and some of them were also butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide (cas: 954-81-4Related Products of 954-81-4).

N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide (cas: 954-81-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Related Products of 954-81-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Effect of Benzylic Methyl Groups on Kinetic Basicity of Amine Ligand in o-Boron Substituted N,N-Dimethylbenzylamines was written by Toyota, Shinji;Asakura, Mitsuhiro;Futawaka, Tadahiro;Oki, Michinori. And the article was included in Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan in 1999.Related Products of 173026-23-8 This article mentions the following:

Rates of the dissociation of the intramol. B-N coordination bond in two series of phenylborane derivatives, the boronate and diethylborane complexes, with -CHMeNMe₂ or -CMe₂NMe₂ group at the o-position were determined by the NMR lineshape anal. or saturation transfer method. The new organoboron compounds were synthesized from the corresponding organolithium compounds with appropriate boron reagents. Comparison of the kinetic data with those of the -CH₂NMe₂ compounds reveals that the barrier height to the dissociation, namely the kinetic basicity of the amine ligand, is increased as the mol. possesses more Me groups at the benzylic position for both of the series of boron compounds The x-ray structure of one of the boronate complexes and the NMR titration measurements of model amines indicate that the basicity of the amine ligand is not affected much by the Me substitution in the coordinated form. Therefore, the substituent effect on the kinetic basicity is mainly ascribed to the destabilization of the transition state by the geminal di-Me groups rather than to any inductive or steric effects at the initial state, especially for the -CMe₂NMe₂ compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Bromophenyl)propan-2-amine (cas: 173026-23-8Related Products of 173026-23-8).

2-(2-Bromophenyl)propan-2-amine (cas: 173026-23-8) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Related Products of 173026-23-8

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Energy efficient, clean and solvent-free photochemical benzylic bromination using NBS in concentrated solar radiation (CSR) was written by Deshpande, Saurabh;Gadilohar, Balu;Shinde, Yogesh;Pinjari, Dipak;Pandit, Aniruddha;Shankarling, Ganapati. And the article was included in Solar Energy in 2015.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

An environmentally benign, clean, solvent-free approach for benzylic bromination has been developed using concentrated solar radiation (CSR). The protocol was found to be superior to the conventional photochem. and thermal methods in terms of reaction time and total energy requirement. This method was adapted with concentrated solar radiation in solvent-free conditions without the use of radical initiators and has proved to provide substituted benzyl bromides RCH₂Br (R = 2-MeC₆H₄, 2-FC₆H₄, 3-O₂NC₆H₄, etc.) in good yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 6515-58-8Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 6515-58-8) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis of meta,meta-bridged biaryls [7,0-metacyclophanes] via aryl-aryl coupling: factors affecting the cyclization was written by Mohamed, Salah E. N.;Whiting, Donald A.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1: Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) in 1983.Synthetic Route of C10H13BrO This article mentions the following:

Isoxazoline I and 3,4-I(MeO)C₆H₃(CH₂)₄CH(OAc)(CH₂)₂C₆H₃(OMe)I-4,3 were prepared; on treatment with (Ph₃P)₄Ni in DMF at 55-65° for 48 h these compounds cyclized to the [7.0]metacyclophanes II and III, resp., in 31 and 49% yield, resp. The analog 3,4-I(MeO)C₆H₃(CH₂)₄SO₂(CH₂)₃C₆H₃(OMe)I-4,3 was also prepared; it failed to cyclize. Steric effects at the coupling site are more important than torsional strain in the products in determination of the product yield. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3Synthetic Route of C10H13BrO).

1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Synthetic Route of C10H13BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Design, synthesis and characterization of PROTACs targeting the androgen receptor in prostate and lung cancer models was written by Gockel, Lukas M.;Pfeifer, Vladlena;Baltes, Fabian;Bachmaier, Rafael D.;Wagner, Karl G.;Bendas, Gerd;Guetschow, Michael;Sosic, Izidor;Steinebach, Christian. And the article was included in Archiv der Pharmazie (Weinheim, Germany) in 2022.Computed Properties of C8H6BrFO2 This article mentions the following:

Three subgroups of enzalutamide-based PROTACs was presented in which only the exit vector was modified. By recruiting cereblon, the potent degradation of AR in lung cancer cells was demonstrated. Furthermore, the initial evaluation enabled the design of an optimized PROTAC with a rigid linker that degraded AR with a DC₅₀ value in the nanomolar range. These results provide novel AR-directed PROTACs and a clear rationale for further investigating AR involvement in lung cancer models. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 179232-29-2Computed Properties of C8H6BrFO2).

Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 179232-29-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Computed Properties of C8H6BrFO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Nickel-catalyzed migratory alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling reaction was written by Li, Yangyang;Li, Yuqiang;Peng, Long;Wu, Dong;Zhu, Lei;Yin, Guoyin. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2020.Computed Properties of C10H13BrO This article mentions the following:

A migratory cross-coupling strategy, which can overcome this obstacle to access the desired cross-coupling products ArCH(R)(CH₂)_nCR¹R²R³ (Ar = Ph, 4-fluorophenyl, indol-3-yl, etc.; R = cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, N-benzyl-piperidin-4-yl, 2-methyl-propan-1-yl; R¹ = H, D; R² = H, D; R³ = H; n = 0-3, 5), 1-cyclopentyl-indan, 1-cycloheptyl-indan, (1-cyclopentyl-3-methyl-pentyl)benzene was described. Accordingly, a selective migratory cross-coupling of two alkyl electrophiles (RBr, ArCH(R)(CH₂)_nCR¹R²R³ (R³ = Br or Cl), 2-bromoindan, (5-bromo-1-cyclopentyl-3-methyl-pentyl)benzene) has been accomplished by nickel catalysis. Remarkably, this alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling reaction provides a platform to prepare 2°-2° carbon-carbon bonds from 1° and 2° carbon coupling partners. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that chain-walking occurs at both alkyl halides in this reaction, thus a catalytic cycle with the key step involving two alkylnickel(II) species is proposed for this transformation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3Computed Properties of C10H13BrO).

1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Computed Properties of C10H13BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Total syntheses of the bromotyrosine-derived natural products ianthelline, 5-bromoverongamine and JBIR-44 was written by Shearman, James W.;Myers, Rebecca M.;Beale, Thomas M.;Brenton, James D.;Ley, Steven V.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2010.Electric Literature of C8H6Br2O2 This article mentions the following:

The total syntheses of the bromotyrosine-derived natural products ianthelline (I), 5-bromoverongamine (II) and JBIR-44 (III) are described and their cytotoxic activity in a cervical cancer (HeLa) cell line and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1Electric Literature of C8H6Br2O2).

3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Electric Literature of C8H6Br2O2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Thermally irreversible photochromic dithienylethenes was written by Krayushkin, M. M.;Uzhinov, B. M.;Martynkin, A. Yu.;Dzhavadov, D. L.;Kalik, M. A.;Ivanov, V. L.;Stoyanovich, F. M.;Uzhinova, L. D.;Zolotarskaya, O. Yu.. And the article was included in International Journal of Photoenergy in 1999.Name: 4-Bromo-5-methylthiophene-2-carboxylic acid This article mentions the following:

A lot of previously unknown derivatives of dithienylperfluorocyclopentene (DTPFCP) were synthesized. It was shown that 2,2′-dialkyl substituted DTPFCP’S are photochromes. The quantum yields of forward and backward photochem. reactions and spectral parameters of open and cyclic forms of the photochromes synthesized were measured. An attempt to obtain fluorescing photochromes by means of introduction of benzoxazolyl, benzthiazolyl and 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl moieties in 5 and 5′ positions of DTPFCP failed; these compounds were synthesized but they do not fluoresce. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-5-methylthiophene-2-carboxylic acid (cas: 29421-99-6Name: 4-Bromo-5-methylthiophene-2-carboxylic acid).

4-Bromo-5-methylthiophene-2-carboxylic acid (cas: 29421-99-6) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Name: 4-Bromo-5-methylthiophene-2-carboxylic acid

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary