Month: January 2023

Copper-Mediated Trifluoromethylation of α-Diazo Esters with TMSCF₃: The Important Role of Water as a Promoter was written by Hu, Mingyou;Ni, Chuanfa;Hu, Jinbo. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2012.Recommanded Product: Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate This article mentions the following:

Copper-mediated trifluoromethylation of α-diazo esters with TMSCF₃ reagent has been developed as a new method to prepare α-trifluoromethyl esters. This trifluoromethylation reaction represents the first example of fluoroalkylation of a non-fluorinated carbene precursor. Water plays an important role in promoting the reaction by activating the “CuCF₃” species prepared from CuI/TMSCF₃/CsF (1.0:1.1:1.1). The scope of this trifluoromethylation reaction is broad, and its efficiency is demonstrated in the synthesis of a variety of aryl-, benzyl-, and alkyl-substituted 3,3,3-trifluoropropanoates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate (cas: 2178-24-7Recommanded Product: Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate).

Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate (cas: 2178-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Recommanded Product: Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Species-Selective Pyrimidineamine Inhibitors of Trypanosoma brucei S-Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase was written by Volkov, Oleg A.;Brockway, Anthony J.;Wring, Stephen A.;Peel, Michael;Chen, Zhe;Phillips, Margaret A.;De Brabander, Jef K.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.Recommanded Product: 96558-78-0 This article mentions the following:

New therapeutic options are needed for treatment of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) caused by protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei. S-Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) is an essential enzyme in the polyamine pathway of T. brucei. Previous attempts to target this enzyme were thwarted by the lack of brain penetration of the most advanced series. Herein, the authors describe a T. brucei AdoMetDC inhibitor series based on a pyrimidineamine pharmacophore that the authors identified by target-based high-throughput screening. The pyrimidineamines showed selectivity for T. brucei AdoMetDC over the human enzyme, inhibited parasite growth in whole-cell assay, and had good predicted blood-brain barrier penetration. The medicinal chem. program elucidated structure-activity relationships within the series. Features of the series that were required for binding were revealed by determining the x-ray crystal structure of TbAdoMetDC bound to one analog. The pyrimidineamine series provides a novel starting point for an anti-HAT lead optimization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromo-5-chlorophenylamine (cas: 96558-78-0Recommanded Product: 96558-78-0).

3-Bromo-5-chlorophenylamine (cas: 96558-78-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Recommanded Product: 96558-78-0

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Flexible and Conductive Polymer Threads for Efficient Fiber-Shaped Supercapacitors via Vapor Copolymerization was written by Hu, Jing;Gao, Bo;Qi, Qi;Zuo, Zhuang;Yan, Kai;Hou, Shaocong;Zou, Dechun. And the article was included in ACS Omega in 2022.Product Details of 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

Flexible fiber electrodes are critical for high-performance fiber and wearable electronics. In this work, we presented a highly conductive all-polymer fiber electrode by vapor copolymerization of 2,5-dibromo-3,4-vinyldioxythiophene (DBEDOT) and 2,5-diiodo-3,4-vinyldioxythiophene (DIEDOT) monomers on commonly used polyester threads (PETs) at a temperature as low as 80°C. The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-coated PET threads maintain excellent flexibility and show conductivity of 7.93 S cm^-1, nearly four times higher than that reported previously via homopolymerization of DBEDOT monomer. A MnO₂ active layer was embedded into the PEDOT double layers, and the flexible fiber composite electrode showed a high linear specific capacitance of 157 mF cm^-1 and improved stability, retaining 86.5% capacitance after 5000 cycles. Fiber-shaped solid-state supercapacitors (FSSCs) based on the composite electrodes were assembled, and they displayed superior electrochem. performance. This work provides a new approach to realize high-performance and stable wearable electronics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Product Details of 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Product Details of 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

PLS Analysis of Distance Matrixes To Detect Nonlinear Relationships between Biological Potency and Molecular Properties was written by Martin, Yvonne C.;Lin, C. Thomas;Hetti, Chandanie;DeLazzer, Jerry. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1995.Reference of 6515-58-8 This article mentions the following:

Although the statistical method of partial least squares (PLS) is widely used for the anal. of the relationship between mol. properties and biol. potency, it is recognized that PLS detects only linear relationships. We tested two types of properties: simulated univariate data and electrostatic mol. field as a function of Hammett σ constants In both cases we compared relationships in which the function is linear, asymptotic, or rises to an optimum and then falls. We found that PLS anal. of the matrix of the distances between every pair of compounds detects all three types of relationships with the same quality of cross-validation. The successful application of the method requires that the distance matrixes be constructed such that each contains only information about one property (for example, the electrostatic field around the functional group of interest). Carbo and Hodgkin similarities perform less well than distances. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 6515-58-8Reference of 6515-58-8).

3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 6515-58-8) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Reference of 6515-58-8

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Palladium catalyzed synthesis of quinazolino[1,4]benzodiazepine alkaloids and analogs was written by Sorra, Kumaraswamy;Mukkanti, K.;Pusuluri, Srinivas. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2012.Product Details of 653-92-9 This article mentions the following:

A concise synthesis of enantiopure quinazolino[1,4]benzodiazepine was accomplished by palladium-catalyzed N-arylation of amidines with o-bromobenzoates followed by intra mol. cyclization. The strategy was successfully applied to the total synthesis of pyrrolo quinazolino[1,4]benzodiazepine alkaloids such as circumdatin H, J and other analogs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9Product Details of 653-92-9).

Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Product Details of 653-92-9

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Bicyclic Ligand-Biased Agonists of S1P₁: Exploring Side Chain Modifications to Modulate the PK, PD, and Safety Profiles was written by Gilmore, John L.;Xiao, Hai-Yun;Dhar, T. G. Murali;Yang, Michael;Xiao, Zili;Yang, Xiaoxia;Taylor, Tracy L.;McIntyre, Kim W.;Warrack, Bethanne M.;Shi, Hong;Levesque, Paul C.;Marino, Anthony M.;Cornelius, Georgia;Mathur, Arvind;Shen, Ding Ren;Pang, Jian;Cvijic, Mary Ellen;Lehman-McKeeman, Lois D.;Sun, Huadong;Xie, Jenny;Salter-Cid, Luisa;Carter, Percy H.;Dyckman, Alaric J.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane This article mentions the following:

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) binds to a family of sphingosine-1-phosphate G-protein-coupled receptors (S1P_1-5). The interaction of S1P with these S1P receptors has a fundamental role in many physiol. processes in the vascular and immune systems. Agonist-induced functional antagonism of S1P₁ has been shown to result in lymphopenia. As a result, agonists of this type hold promise as therapeutics for autoimmune disorders. The previously disclosed differentiated S1P₁ modulator BMS-986104 (1) exhibited improved preclin. cardiovascular and pulmonary safety profiles as compared to earlier full agonists of S1P₁; however, it demonstrated a long pharmacokinetic half-life (T_1/2 18 days) in the clinic and limited formation of the desired active phosphate metabolite. Optimization of this series through incorporation of olefins, ethers, thioethers, and glycols into the alkyl side chain afforded an opportunity to reduce the projected human T_1/2 and improve the formation of the active phosphate metabolite while maintaining efficacy as well as the improved safety profile. These efforts led to the discovery of 12 and 24, each of which are highly potent, biased agonists of S1P₁. These compounds not only exhibited shorter in vivo T_1/2 in multiple species but are also projected to have significantly shorter T_1/2 values in humans when compared to our first clin. candidate. In models of arthritis, treatment with 12 and 24 demonstrated robust efficacy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Study of chemical carcinogenesis. 7. Synthesis and mutagenicity of modified chrysenes related to the carcinogen, 5-methylchrysene was written by Hecht, Stephen S.;Loy, Myrna;Mazzarese, Robert;Hoffmann, Dietrich. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1977.SDS of cas: 452-62-0 This article mentions the following:

Eleven derivatives of 5-methylchrysene (I) and related compounds, including 1-fluoro- [64977-44-2], 3-fluoro- [64977-45-3], 6-fluoro- [64977-46-4], 7-fluoro- [64977-47-5], 9-fluoro- [64977-48-6], 11-fluoro- [64977-49-7], and 12-fluoro-5-methylchrysene [61413-38-5], 1-fluoro-4-methylchrysene [61738-08-7], 6-methoxy- [61738-09-8] and 12-methoxy-5-methylchrysene [64977-25-9], and 5-methoxychrysene [61413-39-6] were prepared by photocyclization of the appropriate diarylethylene derivative or by fluorination of the required dihydromethylchrysenediol. Mutagenicity assays in Salmonella typhimurium showed less activity than I in compounds substituted in the 1, 3, and 12 positions, indicating that these positions are involved in metabolic activation to an ultimate bacterial mutagen. Compounds substituted in positions 6, 9, and 11 were mutagenic or more mutagenic than I. Results in mouse skin tests for tumor-initiating activity showed a similar trend. Structure-activity relations and structure of an ultimate mutagen derived from I are discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromo-4-fluorotoluene (cas: 452-62-0SDS of cas: 452-62-0).

3-Bromo-4-fluorotoluene (cas: 452-62-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. SDS of cas: 452-62-0

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Reaction of phosphoranes with formate esters. New method for synthesis of vinyl ethers was written by Subramanyam, Vinayakam;Silver, Eileen H.;Soloway, Albert H.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1976.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A reinvestigation of the Wittig reaction of phosphoranes with formate esters was undertaken with the purpose of developing a new method for synthesis of substituted vinyl ethers. Stabilized, partially stabilized, and reactive phosphoranes derived from (carbethoxymethyl)-, benzyl-, (3-methylbutyl)-, and (methoxymethyl)phosphonium halides were allowed to react with ethyl formate and vinyl ethers were isolated in the first three cases. Vinylidine diethers could not be prepared by this method. Thus, Ph3P:CHR (R = CO2Et, Ph, CH2CHMe2) reacted with HCO2Et to give the resp. EtOCH:CHR. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (cas: 28322-40-9Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

Isopentyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (cas: 28322-40-9) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis and biodistribution studies of ^99mTc labeled fatty acid derivatives prepared via “Click approach” for potential use in cardiac imaging was written by Das, Soumen;Mathur, Anupam;Sakhare, Navin;Mallia, Madhava B.;Sarma, Haladhar Dev;Sachdev, Satbir Singh;Dash, Ashutosh. And the article was included in Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals in 2018.Reference of 56523-59-2 This article mentions the following:

¹²³I-Iodophenylpentadecanoic acid (IPPA) is a metabolic agent used in nuclear medicine for diagnosis of myocardial defects. Efforts are underway worldwide to develop a ^99mTc substitute of the above radiopharmaceutical for the aforementioned application. Herein, we report synthesis and biodistribution studies of ^99mTc labeled fatty acids (8, 11, and 15 carbons) obtained via “click chem.” for its potential use in myocardial imaging. ω-Bromo fatty acids (8C/11C/15C) were synthetically modified at bromo terminal to introduce a heterocyclic triazole with glycine sidearm in a five step procedure. Modified fatty acids were subsequently radiolabeled with preformed [^99mTc(CO)₃]⁺ synthon to yield the desired fatty acid complexes which were evaluated in Swiss mice. All the radiolabeled complexes were obtained with radiochem. purities >80%, as characterized by HPLC. Biodistribution studies of all three complexes in Swiss mice showed myocardial uptake of âˆ?-9% ID/g at 2 min post-injection, close to^*I-IPPA (âˆ?% ID/g). Complexes exhibited significant retention in the myocardium up to 30 min (âˆ?% ID/g) but were lower to the standard agent (âˆ?% ID/g). Similar uptake of activity in myocardium for the newly synthesized complexes in comparison to ¹²⁵I-IPPA along with favorable in vivo pharmacokinetics merits potential for the present “click” design of complexes for myocardial imaging. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 15-Bromopentadecanoic acid (cas: 56523-59-2Reference of 56523-59-2).

15-Bromopentadecanoic acid (cas: 56523-59-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Reference of 56523-59-2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary