Liyanage, Nalaka P. published the artcileThieno[3,4-b]pyrazine as an Electron Deficient π-Bridge in D-A-π-A DSCs, Synthetic Route of 52431-30-8, the publication is ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (2016), 8(8), 5376-5384, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.
Thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine (TPz) is examined as an electron deficient π-bridge enabling near-IR (NIR) spectral access in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Seven dissym. dyes for DSCs were synthesized (NL2-NL8) with TPz as the π-bridge utilizing palladium catalyzed C-H activation methodol. C-H bond cross-coupling was uniquely effective among the cross-couplings and electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions analyzed in monofunctionalizing the TPz building block. The TPz-based NL2-NL8 dyes examine the effects of various donors, π-spacers, and acceptors within the donor-π bridge-acceptor (D-π-A) dye design. Proarom. TPz stabilizes the excited-state oxidation potential (Es+/s*) of the dyes by maintaining aromaticity upon excitation of the dye mol. This leads to concise conjugated systems capable of accessing the NIR region. Through judicious structural modifications, dye band gaps were reduced to 1.48 eV, and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) reached 7.1% in this first generation TPz-dye series.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces published new progress about 52431-30-8. 52431-30-8 belongs to bromides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Liquid Crystal &OLED Materials, name is 2,5-Dibromo-3,4-dinitrothiophene, and the molecular formula is C4Br2N2O4S, Synthetic Route of 52431-30-8.
Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromide,
bromide – Wiktionary