《Scope, Kinetics, and Mechanism of “”On Water”” Cu Catalysis in the C-N Cross-Coupling Reactions of Indole Derivatives》 was published in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2020. These research results belong to Malavade, Vrunda; Patil, Manish; Patil, M.. Product Details of 6825-20-3 The article mentions the following:
In the presence of CuI and 1,10-phenanthroline, indoles and carbazoles underwent cross-coupling reactions with aryl iodides in (on) aqueous DME at 95° to yield N-aryl indoles and carbazoles. The reaction was accelerated significantly in aqueous DME over with DME or water alone. The kinetics and mechanism of the copper-catalyzed cross-coupling were studied; the mechanism, transition state structures and activation barriers, and effect of water on the oxidative addition and reductive elimination steps were studied using DFT calculations The water accelerated the cross-coupling rate acceleration by stabilizing the transition state of oxidative addition of iodobenzene to a copper phenanthroline complex (the rate-limiting step of reaction) through hydrogen bonding. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Product Details of 6825-20-3)
3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a reagent in the synthesis of P7C3-A20 which is a potent neuroprotective agent. And it has been used in the preparation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,6-dibromocarbazole.Product Details of 6825-20-3
Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary